PCB manufacturing PCB manufacturing
Home > Blog

What Is Solar Light PCB? How to Design Your Solar Light PCB?

March 5th, 2025

Solar light PCB plays a vital role in modern solar-powered lighting systems, allowing solar panels, batteries, and LED to work together smoothly. Whether it’s for street lighting, garden decoration, or night lamps, the right solar light PCB design helps the whole system run safely and efficiently. Many businesses and designers today focus on improving the performance of solar light PCB to make solar lighting smarter, more reliable, and longer-lasting.

At EBest Circuit (Best Technology), we specialize in solar light pcb solutions and PCBA services with fast delivery and affordable price. Feel free to contact us sales@bestpcbs.com if you have any request for solar light pcb.

Now, let’s explore the functions, benefits, materials, and design tips to help you better understand solar light PCB and how to make the right design choices.

What Is Solar Light PCB?

Solar light PCB refers to the printed circuit board used in solar lighting systems. These PCBs connect and support components like solar panels, batteries, charge controllers, LED drivers, and light sensors. Unlike regular PCBs used indoors, solar light PCB works outdoors, which means they must handle heat, moisture, and temperature changes.

In most cases, solar light PCB comes in compact layouts to fit inside street light poles, garden light fixtures, or small night lamps. A good design helps solar panels collect energy during the day, store it in the battery, and smoothly light up the LEDs at night.

Compared to traditional PCB designs, solar light PCB pays more attention to energy conversion, power control, and long-term reliability. Since solar lighting focuses on low energy waste, the solar light PCB must also ensure minimal power loss during energy transfer and storage.

What Is Solar Light PCB? How to Design Solar Light PCB?

Advantages of Solar Light PCB Board

Here are advantages of solar light PCB board:

  • Efficient energy conversion and integration

Optimized photoelectric conversion‌: Adopting high-transmittance substrate (such as FR-4 fiberglass board) and back-contact solar cell unit design, it can achieve up to 24% sunlight conversion efficiency and significantly improve energy utilization.

Simplified circuit integration‌: Directly integrate solar cells and drive circuits through PCB process, reduce external cable connections, reduce losses and improve system reliability.

  • ‌Compact and lightweight structure

Lightweight and portable‌: Using flexible substrates (such as polyimide or PET) for PCB design, the thickness can be less than 1.6mm, which is suitable for miniaturized devices and complex installation scenarios.

High-density layout‌: Supporting micro components of 0402/0603 packages, combined with multi-layer wiring technology, greatly reducing PCB area.

  • ‌Environmental adaptability and durability‌

Weather protection‌: FR4 substrate with black solder mask ink has excellent UV resistance, high temperature resistance (up to 260°C) and moisture resistance, and can adapt to extreme outdoor climates.

‌Dynamic optimization capability‌: Integrated photoresistors and dynamic tracking algorithms adjust the angle of solar panels or charging strategies in real time to improve energy capture efficiency under weak light conditions‌.

  • ‌Cost-effectiveness and scalability

‌Low mass production cost‌: Standardized PCB production processes (such as SMT patches) support batch manufacturing, and the cost per unit can be reduced to less than US$0.05, which is significantly economical.

‌Modular design‌: Reserved interfaces support battery expansion (such as 2600mAh lithium battery) or function expansion (such as Wi-Fi module), which facilitates product iteration and upgrade‌.

  • ‌Environmental protection and sustainability‌

‌Recyclable materials‌: Compliant RoHS lead-free solder and epoxy resin substrates reduce environmental pollution and meet green manufacturing standards‌.

‌Energy self-sufficiency‌: Reduce dependence on traditional power grids through solar power supply systems, suitable for remote areas or scenarios without power grid coverage.

Application of Solar Light PCB Board

Solar light PCB Board power many outdoor and indoor systems:

  • Street lighting in rural, urban, or off-grid areas.
  • Garden lighting for decorative or functional purposes.
  • Pathway and driveway lights to improve safety and visibility.
  • Fence and wall lights to highlight property boundaries.
  • Camping lights for portable, off-grid use.
  • Emergency backup lights for disaster situations.
What Is Solar Light PCB? How to Design Solar Light PCB?

These boards fit many settings, offering clean energy solutions where traditional power is limited or expensive.

What Are Types of Solar Light PCB?

The types of solar light PCB can be divided based on its structure and function. Here are a few common types you’ll see:

  • Single-sided PCB
    This type has all copper traces on one side. It’s commonly used in simple solar lights, especially garden or pathway lights. The cost is lower, but it works well for basic circuits.
  • Double-sided PCB
    For more complex designs, solar light PCB can have copper traces on both sides. This allows more connections and better space usage. Many solar street light PCB boards use this type to handle multiple components in limited space.
  • Multi-layer PCB
    It contains multiple conductive layers and insulating layers, and is electrically connected through internal vias, suitable for highly integrated and complex circuits.
What Is Solar Light PCB? How to Design Solar Light PCB?

The Best PCB Manufacturer of Solar Light PCB-EBest Circuit (Best Technology)

Choosing the right solar light PCB manufacturer matters as much as the design itself. At EBest Circuit (Best Technology), we specialize in producing high quality solar light PCB board for different solar lighting applications. With over 18 years of experience, our team understands the unique needs of solar projects, from small garden lights to large street lighting systems.

Our factory supports custom designs, fast prototyping, and reliable production for solar street light PCB, solar garden light PCB, and other types of solar lighting boards. We also focus on quality, using top materials and strict testing processes to deliver durable boards that perform well outdoors.

Besides product quality, EBest Circuit (Best Technology) offers professional technical support, helping customers turn their ideas into real products with the right solar light PCB design. Whether you’re building smart street lights or decorative garden systems, we can be your trusted partner in PCB manufacturing.

Materials of Solar Light PCB Board

The materials of solar lamp PCB mainly include the following types, which are based on the requirements of different application scenarios and production processes:

  • ‌Substrate material

FR-4 fiberglass board: It is made of glass fiber cloth and epoxy resin laminated together, with good mechanical strength, high temperature resistance and insulation, and is the mainstream PCB substrate choice‌.

‌PET laminate: Some solar lamp PCBs use polyethylene terephthalate (PET) as the base plate, which is often used in lightweight or flexible circuit demand scenarios‌5.

  • ‌Conductive layer material‌

Copper foil‌: As the core material of the PCB conductive path, it forms the circuit pattern through the etching process to ensure the stability of current transmission (conventional materials are not directly quoted, but are common in the industry).

  • ‌Solder mask and protective materials‌

Black solder mask ink‌: It is used for surface covering to prevent oxidation and short circuit, and has high temperature resistance. It is commonly used in automotive electronics or outdoor equipment.

‌Fireproof material‌: Such as 22F fireproof grade material, which enhances the safety of PCB in high temperature environment

  •  ‌Special functional materials‌

‌Insulating resin (epoxy resin): used for inter-layer bonding and insulation protection, improving the stability and weather resistance of the overall structure‌.

‌Wear-resistant laminated cloth‌: adding a wear-resistant layer to the surface of some fiberglass boards to extend the service life of PCBs in complex environments.

  • ‌Auxiliary component integration materials‌

‌Semiconductor materials (such as silicon-based components): integrating TP4056 charging IC, Mosfets driver chip, etc., for battery management and light control function realization.

How to Design Your Solar Light PCB?

Designing a solar light PCB involves several clear steps:

Step 1: Define Your Solar Light’s Needs

Before starting the actual PCB layout, understand your product’s needs. Is it a solar street light with high power LEDs? Or a solar garden light that needs a small, simple circuit? Defining power levels, light brightness, battery size, and working time helps choose the right parts and board type. Outdoor products often face heat, moisture, and dust, so all these need to be considered from the start.

Step 2: Choose the Right PCB Type

    Different solar lights need different board types. For solar street lights, heat control is critical. That’s why aluminum PCB or metal core PCB works better. For small solar night lights, flexible PCB can fit tight spaces. Choosing the right board helps your solar light PCB last longer while keeping costs under control.

    Step 3: Create the Circuit Diagram

    A clear solar street light circuit diagram helps guide the whole process. It shows how the solar panel, battery, LED driver, light sensor, and controller connect. This step is where you check voltage levels, current flow, and safety protections. A simple mistake here could cause power loss or shorten battery life. Keep it simple but cover every important part.

    Step 4: Component Placement Planning

    Next, think about where each part goes. Solar lights often use light sensors and charging controllers. These parts should sit close to each other for better signal control. LEDs usually sit on the outer edges, especially for solar street light PCB boards, where wide light coverage matters. Placing parts correctly helps with heat flow, power management, and even future repairs.

    Step 5: Trace Routing and Power Paths

    Good trace routing makes sure power flows smoothly across your solar light PCB board. High power traces, like those from the solar panel to the battery, need to be wide enough to handle current without heating up. Signal traces, like those from the light sensor to the controller, should stay short to avoid interference. Keeping power and signal paths separate reduces noise and helps the whole system work better.

    Step 6: Thermal Management Planning

    Outdoor solar lights face direct sunlight, so heat control is important. For solar garden light PCB boards and solar street light PCB boards, adding thermal vias or using a metal core PCB can pull heat away from sensitive parts. Placing heat-producing parts, like LED drivers, away from the battery extends battery life too. Good heat management helps prevent early failures.

    Step 7: Waterproofing and Protection

    Most solar light PCB boards work outside, so water and dust protection is critical. Adding conformal coating or waterproof housings helps protect the board. Using corrosion-resistant materials for connectors and ensuring the PCB edges are sealed also improves reliability. These steps help your solar light PCB last longer in all weather conditions.

    Step 8: Battery Charging and Protection Circuits

    A solar light isn’t just about lights and sensors. The battery charging circuit plays a huge role in the whole system. Overcharging, deep discharge, or uneven charging can shorten battery life. Adding smart charge controllers helps balance charging and discharging cycles. Including reverse polarity protection also prevents accidental damage during assembly.

    Step 9: Light Sensor and Control Integration

    To make your solar light smarter, the light sensor must work well with the controller. For solar night light PCBs, light sensors control when the lights turn on and off. Proper sensor placement, away from shadows or light reflections, makes the system more reliable. Adding software controls for dimming or timing also adds value, especially for solar street light PCB boards.

    Step 10: Testing and Prototyping

    Before moving to full production, testing the first solar light PCB board is critical. Check power flow, battery charging, light sensing, and LED brightness under real outdoor conditions. Testing in both sunny and cloudy weather helps make sure the light works well all year. Making small changes to improve power efficiency or adjust sensor sensitivity at this stage helps avoid bigger problems later.

    Step 11: Cost Control and Material Choice

    While design quality matters most, keeping costs under control helps stay competitive. Choosing the right substrate — FR4, aluminum, or ceramic — balances performance and cost. Picking components with good lifetime ratings but fair prices also helps. For solar street light PCB boards, spending more on heat-resistant parts pays off in the long run.

    Step 12: Partner with a Reliable Manufacturer

    Even the best design won’t work well if the manufacturing process isn’t strong. Working with a reliable solar light PCB manufacturer helps avoid common problems like uneven soldering, poor copper adhesion, or inconsistent coatings. A good partner can also suggest small improvements to make your design easier to produce or more durable outdoors.

    To sum up, it’s very important to design the right solar light PCB to ensures smoother performance and fewer failures down the road. Likewise, it is equally important to choose a good solar light PCB supplier. Best technology would be a good choice for providing you with high quality solar light pcb solutions.

    Conclusion
    Last but not the least, the solar light PCB brings clean, reliable lighting to homes, streets, and gardens. With careful selection, proper design, and regular maintenance, these boards offer long-term service with minimal cost. Whether you need a solar street light PCB board or a solar garden light PCB, following these tips helps you create strong, efficient solutions tailored to different settings.

    Tags:
    Posted in best pcb, bestpcb, mcpcb, Metal Core PCB | No Comments »

    How Does A Metal Core PCB Efficiently Dissipate Heat?

    March 5th, 2025

    Metal Core PCB Heat Dissipation plays a key role in helping electronic devices handle rising temperatures during operation. For devices with power components, managing heat effectively can greatly impact performance, stability, and lifespan. A metal core PCB, often referred to as MCPCB, takes advantage of a metal layer to move heat quickly away from sensitive parts. This approach makes sure that devices stay cooler and more reliable, even in demanding conditions.

    Now, let’s explore how these boards work, their unique traits, and why they stand out in thermal management.

    How Does A Metal Core PCB Efficiently Dissipate Heat?

    What is a metal core PCB?

    A metal core PCB uses a metal layer, typically aluminum or copper, as its base. This metal core replaces the usual fiberglass layer found in regular PCBs. The core helps with mechanical strength and, more importantly, heat transfer. How does a metal core PCB efficiently dissipate heat? Above the metal, you’ll find the dielectric layer and the copper traces for circuits. This design helps spread heat evenly across the surface, reducing hotspots.

    Unlike traditional PCBs, which rely mainly on air or basic insulating materials for thermal relief, metal core PCBs offer a built-in solution for cooling. This structure makes them highly useful for high-power LED lighting, automotive electronics, and power supplies.

    What is the difference between metal core PCB and FR4?

    The biggest difference between metal core PCB and FR4 PCB comes down to the base material and thermal performance. FR4 boards use a glass-reinforced epoxy laminate, which is great for electrical insulation but poor at moving heat. Metal core PCBs, on the other hand, feature an aluminum or copper core that actively pulls heat away from hot components.

    Because FR4 holds onto heat longer, it can struggle in high-power circuits, especially if components generate continuous heat. Metal core PCBs don’t just offer better thermal performance — they also support stronger structural integrity, especially in applications that face vibrations or physical stress.

    Another important difference relates to processing. Metal core PCBs need specialized drilling, cutting, and etching processes because of the hard metal layer, while FR4 can be handled with standard PCB manufacturing equipment.

    What are the properties of metal core PCB?

    Metal core PCBs stand out because of several beneficial properties that enhance both performance and durability. One key property is their superior thermal conductivity compared to traditional PCBs. This allows heat to flow smoothly from heat-generating components to the metal core, where it spreads and dissipates.

    Another important property is mechanical strength. Metal cores provide strong support, which prevents the board from bending or warping under pressure. This stability helps in automotive, aerospace, and industrial environments where vibrations or impacts could damage weaker boards.

    Additionally, these boards resist thermal expansion better than FR4. That means components stay more secure, even when exposed to wide temperature shifts.

    Lastly, electrical insulation plays a vital role. Between the metal core and the copper layer, a special dielectric material separates conductive layers. This material balances heat transfer with high electrical resistance, keeping circuits safe from short circuits.

    What is the thermal conductivity of a metal core PCB?

    The Metal Core PCB Thermal Conductivity depends on the material used for the core and dielectric layer. Most aluminum core PCBs offer thermal conductivity between 1.0 to 2.5 W/mK for the dielectric layer. This may not sound high, but compared to FR4, which often measures around 0.3 W/mK, it’s a clear advantage.

    The metal core itself — whether aluminum or copper — has a much higher thermal conductivity. Aluminum typically ranges around 200 W/mK, while copper exceeds 380 W/mK. This strong thermal performance helps the board remove heat faster than traditional options, keeping devices cooler for longer.

    Thermal conductivity directly affects the speed at which heat spreads across the PCB, preventing localized overheating. This property makes metal core PCB heat dissipation so effective in demanding applications.

    How Does A Metal Core PCB Efficiently Dissipate Heat?

    Is copper or aluminum better for heat dissipation?

    Both copper and aluminum offer good thermal properties, but they excel in different areas. Copper has higher thermal conductivity, so it moves heat faster than aluminum. This makes it ideal for applications where thermal performance ranks above all else.

    However, aluminum offers an excellent balance between cost, weight, and thermal efficiency. It performs well enough for most applications while keeping manufacturing costs lower. That’s why many LED lighting products, automotive controls, and consumer devices prefer aluminum core PCBs.

    If weight is a concern, aluminum’s lower density helps create lighter boards, especially in handheld or mobile applications. For ultra-high power systems, copper may be the better option.

    How fast does aluminum dissipate heat?

    Aluminum stands out for its ability to spread heat quickly across its surface. Its thermal conductivity around 200 W/mK allows it to pull heat away from components almost immediately. This quick transfer reduces the chance of hotspots forming, which can extend component lifespan and improve stability.

    Compared to many non-metallic materials, aluminum sometimes moves heat even up to 1000 times faster, making it especially valuable in Metal Core PCB Heat Dissipation applications. This fast heat dissipation supports efficient thermal management in LED lights, power amplifiers, and automotive controls.  

    What are the advantages of metal core PCB?

    One clear advantage of metal core PCB technology lies in its exceptional heat management. By transferring heat directly into the metal core, these boards keep components cooler without needing external heat sinks in many cases.

    Another key advantage comes from structural stability. The metal core adds rigidity, so the PCB resists bending or cracking, even under mechanical stress.

    These boards also handle thermal cycling better than traditional materials, reducing the risk of cracks forming around solder joints. This helps in applications with frequent temperature swings, like outdoor lighting or automotive electronics.

    Besides thermal and mechanical benefits, metal core PCBs offer better EMI shielding, especially when using a copper core. This can reduce electromagnetic interference, which helps improve signal integrity in sensitive circuits.

    Finally, cost-efficiency in certain high-power applications means you may not need separate heat sinks or thermal pastes, saving on assembly costs.

    What are the applications of metal core PCB?

    Metal core PCBs have found success in a wide range of applications where efficient heat management matters most. LED lighting products, especially high-power fixtures, often rely on these boards to keep LEDs running cooler for longer.

    In automotive electronics, where heat from engines and power systems can cause issues, metal core PCBs help maintain stable performance even in harsh conditions.

    Power supplies, particularly high-current converters and amplifiers, also benefit from the thermal and structural properties of metal core boards. These boards help maintain reliable operation by spreading heat away from heat-generating components.

    Other industries, including renewable energy, industrial equipment, and military electronics, all benefit from the reliable heat dissipation and mechanical strength these boards provide. Anywhere heat buildup threatens performance or reliability, metal core PCBs offer a clear solution.

    How Does A Metal Core PCB Efficiently Dissipate Heat?

    In conclusion, when it comes to managing heat in modern electronics, metal core PCB heat dissipation stands out as one of the most effective methods available. By transferring heat away from components into a metal core, these boards improve stability, extend lifespan, and support higher power densities than traditional PCBs.

    If your product demands high reliability in a thermally challenging environment, choosing a trusted metal core PCB supplier can make a noticeable difference. At EBest Circuit (Best Technology), we combine 19 years of manufacturing experience with advanced materials and precise processing techniques to deliver metal core PCBs suited for demanding applications.

    With custom design support, high-quality materials, and competitive pricing, we help businesses achieve better performance while keeping costs under control. Contact our team at sales@bestpcbs.com for more details.

    Tags: , , , ,
    Posted in best pcb, bestpcb, mcpcb, Metal Core PCB | No Comments »

    What is a light ballast PCB? How does it works?

    March 4th, 2025

    A Light ballast PCB controls the current flow inside different lighting systems, helping the lamps work properly while protecting them from too much power. Without a proper light ballast PCB, many lamps would either flicker all the time or fail before reaching their normal lifespan. Today, most lighting projects, whether for homes or factories, depend on some form of light ballast PCB to make sure lamps work smoothly. Since more people want brighter, longer-lasting, and energy-saving lights, the design and quality of light ballast PCB become even more important. In this blog, we will explain what a light ballast PCB is, how it works, and its wiring steps. We will also cover technical details, diagrams, and real-world uses to give you a better understanding. Let’s start by understanding the basics.

    What is a light ballast pcb?

    A light ballast PCB is a printed circuit board that manages the voltage and current delivered to lamps, mainly fluorescent, HID and some LED lamps. It controls the power flow to prevent too much electricity from reaching the lamp, which helps the light stay stable while avoiding flickering or overheating.

    What is a light ballast PCB? How does it works?

    In traditional systems, light ballasts were heavy metal boxes with coils and transformers. Now, with modern PCB technology, most ballasts are smaller boards with electronic components. These boards offer better control, longer lifespan, and smaller size, which helps in compact lighting systems.

    At its core, a light ballast PCB acts like a smart power gate, adjusting the electric supply to fit the lamp’s needs. For fluorescent lights, it also gives an initial high voltage to ignite the lamp before reducing the power to a safer level.

    At EBest Circuit (Best Technology), we are able to provide you with One-stop solution from light ballast PCBs design to production and final assembly with fast delivery and competitive price, because EBest Circuit (Best Technology) have 16 experience years in high-quality PCB solutions and PCBA service for all lighting applications. Whether you need standard or custom solutions, EBest Circuit (Best Technology) is your go-to partner for all your PCB needs. Welcome to inquiry us sales@bestpcbs.com if you have any needs for lighting pcb.

    What is wiring tips of light ballast PCB?

    • Layered wiring‌: Separate the power supply and load parts to avoid mutual interference and improve the stability and performance of the circuit‌.
    • Reasonable selection of power supply path‌: Ensure that the power supply path is clear and avoid unnecessary interference, especially when processing high-frequency signals, pay attention to the layout and direction of the signal line‌.
    • Top layer priority principle‌: Try to wire on the top layer to reduce signal interference.
    • Thickening the power line‌: Thickening the power line is conducive to the flow of current on the main road to ensure the stability of the circuit‌.
    • Travel direction control‌: The wires at the input and output ends should avoid being adjacent and parallel to reduce interference.
    • Chamfer rule‌: The corners of the trace should avoid being designed as sharp angles and right angles to reduce radiation.
    • Device decoupling‌: Add necessary decoupling capacitors to filter out interference signals on the power supply and stabilize the power supply signal.
    • ‌Impedance matching‌: The width of the same network wiring should be kept consistent, or the effective length of the inconsistent part should be minimized.
    • Ground wire loop rule‌: The loop area formed by the signal line and its loop should be as small as possible to reduce electromagnetic interference.
    • Shielding protection‌: Consider using a copper-axis cable shielding structure design to isolate the ground wires up and down, left and right with ground wires, and effectively combine the shielding ground with the actual ground plane‌.

    How does light ballast work on PCB?

    A pcb ballast works by regulating the electrical current that flows through the light fixture. When the light is turned on, the ballast provides an initial surge of voltage to start the lamp. Once the lamp is lit, the ballast continues to regulate the current to maintain steady light output.

    What is a light ballast PCB? How does it works?

    Here’s how it works in a bit more detail:

    Startup Phase: The ballast delivers a high voltage to the lamp to start it up. Fluorescent lights, in particular, require this surge of power to get started.

    Current Regulation: Once the light is on, the ballast regulates the current to keep it at a constant level. This ensures that the lamp doesn’t overheat or flicker, contributing to better light quality.

    Energy Efficiency: In electronic ballasts, the high-frequency switching of MOSFETs and capacitors allows for energy-efficient operation. This reduces power consumption while maintaining optimal lighting levels.

    What is technical parameters of light ballast PCB?

    • Input voltage range‌: The driver board needs to be able to accept AC input within a certain range, usually the mains voltage (such as 100V-240V).
    • Output current and voltage‌: The driver board provides stable DC output. The current and voltage need to be adjusted according to the requirements of the LED lamp, usually constant current or constant voltage output.
    • Power factor‌: Indicates the effective utilization of electrical energy. A high power factor means high efficiency in power conversion.
    • Efficiency‌: Indicates the ratio of output power to input power. Efficient conversion helps reduce energy waste.
    What is a light ballast PCB? How does it work?

    ‌Through the design and selection of these technical parameters, the stable operation and long life of the LED lamp can be ensured, achieving the best lighting effect.

    Explanation PCB diagram of ballast light

    The circuit structure of the ballast light is shown in the figure, which covers several key parts such as capacitor step-down circuit, rectifier circuit, LED light-emitting circuit and photoelectric control circuit. These circuits work together to ensure that the LED light can emit light stably and efficiently.

    A typical light ballast PCB diagram shows both input and output sides, along with key components like capacitors, inductors, and switching transistors.

    At the input stage, a fuse and filter block unwanted noise from the power source. Next, a rectifier converts AC to DC, which passes through smoothing capacitors to create stable voltage. The control section uses a micro-controller or driver IC to regulate switching transistors. These transistors adjust voltage and frequency, ensuring the lamp gets the right current flow. The output stage includes the final filter and connections to the lamp. In fluorescent lamps, this stage also includes a high-voltage starter circuit.

    Overall, the diagram reflects a balance between power conversion, current control, and protection, all packed into a compact PCB layout.

    Application of light ballast on PCB

    Light ballast PCBs appear in many everyday products and systems.

    • Kitchen lights, bathroom fixtures, and under-cabinet fluorescent lamps at home.
    • Ceiling panels, emergency lights, and retail display lamps in offices.
    • High-output lighting systems used for work areas, safety zones, and storage spaces in factories and warehouses.
    • Streetlights, parking lot lamps, stadium floodlights, and more. As outdoor lighting shifts to LED, many ballasts also act as LED drivers, offering advanced dimming and color control.
    • Growing application relates to recycling programs. Old ballasts, especially PCB fluorescent light ballasts, need careful handling due to environmental rules. Proper pcbs ballast recycling helps recover valuable metals while safely disposing of any hazardous materials.

    FAQ light ballast PCB

    • Aging of electronic components‌: Electronic components in light ballast power supplies, such as resistors, capacitors, diodes, transistors, etc., may age due to open circuits, short circuits, burnouts, leakage, functional failures, etc. during long-term use.
    • PCB quality impact: The quality of printed circuit boards (PCBs) and printed circuit board assemblies (PCBA) directly affects the reliability of LED driver power supplies. Problems such as poor wetting, board explosion, delamination, CAF (anode foil fiberization), open circuits, short circuits, etc. may cause power supply failure.
    • Heat dissipation problem‌: The electronic components in the light ballast PCB are very sensitive to temperature changes, especially the electrolytic capacitors. Poor heat dissipation may shorten the life of the components, thus affecting the stability of the LED lamps.
    • Solder joint failure: Solder joints are the key connection between electronic components and PCB boards, and their quality directly affects the reliability of the power supply. Solder joint failure may be caused by welding problems during the production process, or thermal stress fatigue caused by differences in thermal expansion coefficients.
    • Other issues: If the substrate hole is too large, the solder furnace temperature is too low, the board surface is poorly solderable, the solder mask is invalid, the board surface is contaminated, etc., it will also cause PCB problems.‌‌

    Conclusion
    The light ballast PCB plays a quiet but critical role in modern lighting systems. By delivering stable, efficient power, it protects lamps, saves energy, and supports advanced lighting controls. Whether you need simple fluorescent support or advanced smart lighting, the right light ballast PCB keeps your system running smoothly.

    Tags: , , ,
    Posted in best pcb, bestpcb, mcpcb, Metal Core PCB, PCBA | No Comments »

    MCPCB VS Regular PCB: What Are Differences?

    March 4th, 2025

    MCPCB VS Regular PCB is a topic many engineers and buyers search when choosing the right board for a project. Each type has clear benefits depending on the application, environment, and performance needs. Choosing between them needs more than just looking at the price. It also depends on thermal needs, material selection, and the product’s lifespan.

    In this blog, we’ll explore the core differences between MCPCB VS Regular PCB, focusing on materials, design, thermal resistance, and common applications. We’ll also highlight why metal core boards have become more popular for LED lighting and other heat-sensitive uses.

    MCPCB VS Regular PCB: What Are Differences?

    What is the most basic circuit board?

    The most basic circuit board used today is the FR4 PCB. FR4 refers to the fiberglass-reinforced epoxy laminate used as the core. This type of board acts as a solid foundation for electrical components. It supports the copper traces that carry signals across the board. FR4 has been the industry standard for decades due to its balanced electrical, mechanical, and thermal properties.

    Most everyday electronics, from home appliances to industrial equipment, rely on FR4 PCBs because of their low cost, stable structure, and easy processing.

    What is MCPCB?

    MCPCB stands for Metal Core Printed Circuit Board. Instead of a fiberglass base, these boards use a metal core layer, usually aluminum or copper. This design helps the board handle high heat better than regular FR4 boards.

    In MCPCB design, the metal core sits under the circuit layers. It helps pull heat away from hot components like LEDs or power transistors. This cooling method reduces the chance of overheating, extending the life of the whole board. MCPCB LED applications are some of the most common, especially in automotive, industrial, and high-power LED lighting.

    What is the material of MCPCB?

    The core material used in MCPCB design is usually aluminum or copper. Aluminum is more common due to its good heat conductivity and affordable cost. It balances performance and price, making it a top choice for MCPCB LED boards.

    Copper has higher thermal conductivity, but its cost is much higher. That’s why copper-core MCPCBs are mainly found in high-end equipment or where heat management is critical. On top of the metal core, dielectric layers provide electrical insulation and guide heat to the core. Copper traces on top complete the circuit.

    Why is FR4 used in PCB?

    FR4 remains popular in regular FR4 PCBs for many reasons. It has good mechanical strength, supports multi-layer designs, and offers decent thermal stability for common electronics. It also resists moisture well, making it reliable in humid environments.

    Another reason FR4 PCBs are used widely is their low manufacturing cost. They work well for low-power circuits where high heat dissipation isn’t a serious issue. For most general electronics, FR4 boards provide all the needed performance at a low price.

    MCPCB VS Regular PCB: What Are Differences?

    What are the thermal issues with PCB?

    Regular FR4 PCBs struggle when components produce high heat. Since fiberglass does not spread heat well, hot spots form near high-power parts. Over time, this localized heat can damage components, weaken solder joints, or deform the board itself.

    This thermal problem becomes more serious in high-density layouts where heat has nowhere to escape. That’s why high-power LED lighting, power converters, and some automotive systems have switched to MCPCB design.

    What is the thermal resistance of MCPCB?

    MCPCB thermal resistance is much lower than regular PCBs. This low resistance means heat can move through the board faster, keeping temperatures under control.

    In a well-designed MCPCB, heat moves directly from the component through the dielectric layer into the metal core, where it spreads across a larger area. This process reduces hot spots, protects components, and extends the product’s lifespan. Compared to regular FR4 boards, MCPCBs handle thermal stress far better.

    What are the uses of MCPCB?

    MCPCB design works best for products where heat dissipation matters most. Common uses include:

    High-power LED lighting, especially in automotive headlights and streetlights.

    Power supplies where voltage conversion creates heat.

    Solar inverters, handling high current and constant power flow.

    Telecom equipment, where stable performance under heat matters.

    Automotive control systems, especially in engine bays.

    Because of their thermal handling skills, MCPCB LED boards are some of the most common in today’s market.

    What are the advantages of metal core PCB?

    MCPCB design offers many advantages over regular PCBs. They include:

    Superior heat management, extending product life.

    Better mechanical strength, reducing vibration damage.

    Compact layouts, reducing weight and size.

    Reliable thermal paths, protecting sensitive parts.

    Stronger durability in tough environments.

    For projects where heat is a real issue, MCPCBs provide solutions that FR4 PCBs cannot match.

    What are the disadvantages of PCB?

    While FR4 PCBs work well for many products, they do have some limits in high-heat conditions. These boards:

    Do not spread heat well, leading to hot spots.

    May soften under high heat, reducing long-term stability.

    Offer weaker thermal paths, limiting high-power designs.

    However, for low-power and general devices, FR4 PCBs still provide affordable, reliable performance.

    What is the difference between FR4 and MCPCB?

    When comparing MCPCB VS Regular PCB, What are Differences? The biggest difference comes down to thermal performance. MCPCBs use metal cores, usually aluminum or copper, to spread heat faster and protect components.

    Regular FR4 PCBs rely on fiberglass, which does not move heat well. This makes them better for low-power circuits, where thermal buildup is not a concern.

    Cost is another difference. FR4 PCBs cost less to produce, especially in mass production. But for products where heat is a risk, spending more on MCPCB design reduces failure rates, protects components, and lowers maintenance costs.

    In short, MCPCB VS Regular PCB is not just about cost. It’s about matching the board to the product’s real-world needs.

    MCPCB VS Regular PCB: What Are Differences?

    In a nutshell, in the world of MCPCB VS Regular PCB, there’s no one-size-fits-all answer. FR4 PCBs remain the first choice for low-power electronics due to their low cost and easy manufacturing process. But when heat handling matters, especially for LED lighting, power electronics, or automotive systems, MCPCB design offers the best protection.

    At EBest Circuit (Best Technology), we specialize in custom MCPCB design, high-quality FR4 PCBs, and tailored thermal solutions. With over 18 years of experience, we help customers select the right PCB for each project. Whether you need reliable FR4 boards or advanced metal core solutions, our team provides fast support, expert advice, and global delivery. Please feel free to reach out to EBest Circuit (Best Technology) at sales@bestpcbs.com for your needs related to MCPCB and regular PCB. ‌

    Tags: , , , ,
    Posted in best pcb, bestpcb, FR4 PCB, mcpcb, Metal Core PCB | No Comments »

    What Is LED Light PCB? A Complete Guide to LED PCB

    February 27th, 2025


    LED light PCB has become an essential part of modern lighting technology. Whether you’re designing a sleek LED light strip or a high-powered LED bulb, understanding the structure and functionality of LED PCB is vital. In this blog, EBest Circuit (Best Technology) will dive deep into what makes LED light PCB, and the materials involved, their components, and the different types that suit various applications. By the end, you’ll have a clear understanding of LED PCB design, including how to connect LED to your custom board.

    What Is LED Light PCB? A Complete Guide to LED PCB

    What Is PCB in LED Light?

    A PCB (Printed Circuit Board) in an LED light is the base where all the components of the LED circuit are mounted. This board serves as the electrical pathway that connects the individual LED chips, allowing electricity to flow through the circuit and power the LED. The design of the PCB is crucial for managing heat dissipation, ensuring optimal light output, and maintaining energy efficiency. Aluminum LED light PCB, in particular, offer excellent thermal conductivity, which is essential in preventing overheating and extending the life of LED components.

    What Materials Are Used in LED PCB?

    LED PCB are made using several materials that work together to ensure optimal performance. The most common materials include:

    • Aluminum: Known for its high thermal conductivity, aluminum is often used in LED PCB to quickly dissipate heat. This is especially important in high-power LED applications.
    • Copper: Copper is used for its excellent electrical conductivity, ensuring that current flows efficiently through the PCB.
    • FR4 (Flame Retardant 4): This is a widely used epoxy resin laminate material that offers a good balance between electrical insulation and mechanical strength.
    • Ceramic: In some high-performance designs, ceramic-based PCB are used, particularly when superior heat resistance is required.
    What Is LED Light PCB? A Complete Guide to LED PCB

    Each material plays a specific role in enhancing the performance of the LED, from heat management to electrical conductivity.

    What Are the Components of LED PCB?

    LED PCB typically consist of the following components:

    • LED Chips: These are the tiny light-emitting diodes that convert electrical energy into light. They are usually placed on the surface of the PCB.
    • Copper Traces: These traces act as pathways for the electrical current, connecting the LED chips to each other and the power source.
    • Thermal Management Elements: In high-power applications, components like heat sinks and through-holes are included to help dissipate heat and maintain efficiency.
    • Resistors: These components control the flow of current through the LEDs to ensure they operate within their rated power limits.
    • Capacitors: Capacitors help smooth out fluctuations in voltage, providing stable power to the LED.
    What Is LED Light PCB? A Complete Guide to LED PCB

    Each component is crucial in ensuring the LED PCB works efficiently and has a long lifespan.

    What Are the Different Types of LED PCB?

    LED PCB come in several types, each designed to meet the needs of different applications:

    • Aluminum LED PCB: Aluminum LED PCB: As mentioned earlier, aluminum is widely used for its excellent heat dissipation. This type of PCB is ideal for high-power LED, like those used in lighting and automotive applications.
    • Flexible LED PCB:These PCB are made from flexible materials, allowing them to be bent and shaped for unique or custom designs. Flexible PCB are perfect for applications like LED strips and curved lighting solutions.
    • High-Density Interconnector(HDI PCB):These are used for applications requiring a higher level of integration, such as miniaturized LED systems.
    • Rigid LED PCB: These are made from solid, non-flexible materials and are commonly used in applications where the PCB will remain in a fixed position, such as in LED bulbs or signage.

    Each type of LED PCB is designed with specific characteristics in mind, such as flexibility, heat management, and power handling.

    How to Make LED PCB?

    Making an LED PCB involves several steps, from design to fabrication. Here’s an overview of the process:

    1. Design: First, you need to design the layout of your PCB. This includes selecting the components, determining the size and shape of the board, and creating the electrical connections between the components. CAD (Computer-Aided Design) software is typically used to create the design.

    2. Material Selection: Based on the design, select the appropriate PCB material (aluminum, copper, FR4, etc.) that meets your thermal, electrical, and mechanical needs.

    3. Printing the PCB: The design is transferred onto the PCB material using a photolithography process. This process involves applying a light-sensitive film to the board, exposing it to UV light, and then developing it to create the desired pattern of copper traces.

    4. Component Placement and Soldering: After the PCB is created, the LED chips, resistors, capacitors, and other components are placed on the board. Soldering techniques, such as Surface Mount Technology (SMT) or Through-Hole Technology (THT), are used to attach the components securely.

    5. Testing: Once the PCB is assembled, it’s tested for functionality. This involves checking the LED performance, ensuring the power distribution is correct, and verifying that the board is free from defects.

    How to Connect LED in PCB?

    Connecting LED to a PCB involves placing the LED components in the correct positions on the board and ensuring the electrical connections are made properly. Here are the steps to connect LED in a PCB:

    1. Design the Circuit: Determine the number of LED you’ll use, their configuration (series or parallel), and the required power. This will dictate the placement and size of the copper traces on the PCB.
    2. Place the LED: LED are usually mounted on the PCB using soldering methods. For SMD (Surface-Mounted Device) LED, they are placed directly onto the surface of the PCB, while through-hole LED are placed through the holes of the PCB.
    3. Solder the Connections: Soldering is the method used to establish electrical connections between the LED leads and the copper traces. For high-density applications, automated soldering techniques are often used to ensure precision.
    4. Ensure Proper Heat Dissipation: Since LED generate heat during operation, it’s important to make sure the PCB design incorporates adequate thermal management, such as through-holes, heat sinks, and the right choice of materials.

    Properly connecting LED ensures optimal performance, longevity, and safety for the final product.

    Conclusion

    LED light PCB are a game-changer in the world of lighting technology. From high-power lighting systems to sleek LED strips, these PCB offer exceptional performance, heat management, and reliability. Whether you’re designing a custom LED PCB or working with a manufacturer, understanding the components, materials, and types of LED PCB is essential to achieving the best results.

    By selecting the right PCB type, using quality materials, and ensuring proper design and assembly, you can create LED systems that are efficient, durable, and energy-efficient. If you’re ready to bring your LED projects to life, partnering with a reliable LED PCB manufacturer is the next step toward achieving the perfect lighting solution for your needs.

    Call to Action

    Ready to design your own LED light PCB? Contact EBest Circuit (Best Technology) at sales@bestpcbs.com today to learn about our custom PCB solutions, from aluminum LED light PCB to flexible LED strips. Let us help you make the prefect pcb with your next project! Looking forward to hearing from you!

    Tags: ,
    Posted in best pcb, bestpcb, FAQ, mcpcb, Metal Core PCB, PCB News | No Comments »

    What Is LED Polarity and Why Does It Matter?

    February 17th, 2025

    What Is LED Polarity and Why Does It Matter? LED polarity is one of the most important things to understand when working with LEDs, especilly in PCB assembly. A wrong LED polarity put will cause the failure of the PCB product. Unlike regular bulbs, LEDs only work if they are connected the right way. If you mix up the positive and negative sides, the LED won’t light up. So, whether you’re building a simple LED circuit, installing LED light strips, or working with surface-mount LEDs, understanding LED polarity helps prevent issues. In this guide, we’ll answer the most common questions about LED polarity and explain how to identify and test LED connections correctly.

    What Is LED Polarity and Why Does It Matter?

    What Is LED Polarity?

    LED polarity refers to the direction in which an LED must be connected to a power source. Since LEDs are diodes, they allow current to flow in only one direction. This means that one leg of the LED must be connected to the positive side of the power supply, while the other must go to the negative side.

    Each LED has two legs:

    • Anode (+): This is the positive leg. It needs to be connected to the positive terminal of the power source.
    • Cathode (-): This is the negative leg. It must connect to the negative terminal.

    If the LED is wired incorrectly, it won’t light up because no current will flow through it. Some LEDs may even get damaged if too much voltage is applied in the wrong direction.

    Do LEDs Have Polarity?

    Yes, LEDs have polarity, and they must be connected correctly to function. Unlike traditional incandescent bulbs that work regardless of connection direction, LEDs only operate when the anode is connected to the positive voltage and the cathode to the ground.

    The reason for this is that LEDs are light-emitting diodes. Diodes are semiconductor components that allow current to pass in one direction while blocking it in the other. When you reverse the polarity of an LED, it stops conducting electricity, which means it won’t produce light.

    LED Polarity Symbol

    If you look at circuit diagrams, you’ll notice a special symbol used for LEDs. The LED polarity symbol is similar to a regular diode symbol but has two arrows pointing away from it to indicate light emission. Below are the common led polarity symbols used in the industry:

    What Is LED Polarity and Why Does It Matter?

    Are LED Light Bulbs Polarity Sensitive?

    It depends on the type of LED light bulb.

    • AC-powered LED bulbs (like household LED light bulbs) are usually not polarity sensitive because they contain internal rectifiers that convert AC to DC.
    • DC-powered LEDs (such as those used in automotive applications, flashlights, or indicator lights) are polarity sensitive and will not work if connected incorrectly.

    When working with DC-powered LED systems, checking the wiring is crucial. Many LED strips and car LEDs have markings to indicate which side should connect to positive and which should go to negative.

    How Do You Identify the Polarity of an LED?

    There are several ways to determine LED polarity:

    1. Check the Lead Length

    If it has leds, check the lead length is the most important method to identify:

    • The longer lead is the anode (+).
    • The shorter lead is the cathode (-).
    What Is LED Polarity and Why Does It Matter?

    This method works well for new LEDs, but if the leads are trimmed, other methods may be needed.

    2. Look for a Flat Edge

    On many through-hole LEDs, the cathode side has a flat edge on the plastic casing. This marking helps quickly identify polarity. (Please refer above images of LED).

    3. Inspect the Internal Structure

    If you have a clear LED, you can look inside:

    • The larger internal piece is usually the cathode (-).
    • The smaller piece is the anode (+).

    This method works well for transparent or diffused LEDs but is harder for small surface-mount LEDs.

    4. Use a Multimeter

    A digital multimeter with a diode test function can confirm polarity. When the red probe touches the anode and the black probe touches the cathode, the LED will glow slightly or show a voltage reading. If no reading appears, reverse the probes.

    What Happens If LED Polarity Is Reversed?

    If the LED is connected backward, it won’t light up. Unlike incandescent bulbs, which work in either direction, LEDs only allow current to flow in one way. Here are some common issues if LED polarity is reversed:

    1. No Light Emission: Since LEDs are polarized components, they only work when connected correctly. If the polarity is reversed, current cannot flow, and the LED will not light up.

    What Is LED Polarity and Why Does It Matter?

    2. Potential Damage: In some cases, a reversed connection may cause damage. Excessive reverse voltage or current can harm the internal structure of the LED.

    3. Overheating: Incorrect polarity may lead to improper current flow, generating excess heat. This can affect both the LED and nearby circuit components.

    4. Short Circuit Risk: A severe polarity reversal could create a short circuit, which may harm the power source or other connected components.

    5. Unstable Lighting: In rare cases, an incorrectly wired LED may flicker or dim unpredictably instead of staying off completely.

    In most cases, a reversed LED will not get damaged unless the voltage is too high. However, some circuits use protection resistors or diodes to prevent issues caused by incorrect polarity.

    Does LED Polarity Matter?

    Yes, LED polarity matters because LEDs are diodes that function only when connected correctly. If you ignore polarity, the LED won’t work. In some cases, incorrect wiring can cause damage, especially in high-power LEDs or integrated circuits.

    To avoid problems:

    • Always check the polarity markings before connecting an LED.
    • Use a multimeter if unsure.
    • Follow circuit diagrams carefully.

    How to Check an LED with a Multimeter?

    Using a multimeter is one of the easiest ways to test an LED’s polarity and functionality. Here’s a step-by-step guide:

    1. Set the Multimeter to Diode Test Mode

    Most digital multimeters have a diode test mode, usually marked with a diode symbol (a triangle pointing to a line). If your multimeter doesn’t have this mode, use the resistance (Ω) setting on the lowest range.

    2. Identify the Probes

    • The red probe is the positive (+) lead.
    • The black probe is the negative (-) lead.

    3. Connect the Probes to the LED Legs

    Touch the red probe to one leg and the black probe to the other.

    • If the LED lights up faintly or shows a voltage reading (typically 1.8V to 3.5V, depending on the LED type), the red probe is on the anode (+), and the black probe is on the cathode (-).
    • If nothing happens, swap the probes and try again.

    4. Interpret the Results

    • If the LED lights up, it means it is working, and you have identified the correct polarity.
    • If the LED doesn’t light up in either direction, it may be faulty or burned out.
    • If using the resistance mode, a working LED will show a resistance value in one direction and an infinite resistance (OL) in the other.

    5. Testing Surface-Mount LEDs (SMD LEDs)

    Since SMD LEDs are small and lack long leads, identifying polarity can be tricky. Many have a small marking on the cathode side. To test them:

    • Use fine-tip multimeter probes.
    • Hold the probes gently on the pads.
    • Observe if the LED lights up or if a voltage reading appears.

    A multimeter is a quick and reliable tool to check LED polarity before installing it in a circuit.

    Which Side of the LED Should You Put a Resistor?

    A resistor is needed to control current flow and protect the LED. The resistor can go on either side of the LED—anode or cathode—without affecting polarity. However, placing it on the anode side (+) is common for consistency in circuit designs.

    Without a resistor, the LED might receive too much current, which could shorten its lifespan or cause it to burn out.

    FAQs

    1. Can LED polarity be ignored?

    No, LED polarity is essential for proper operation. If wired incorrectly, the LED will not work.

    2. Do surface-mount LEDs have polarity?

    Yes, surface-mount LEDs have polarity. Manufacturers usually mark the cathode with a dot or a line.

    3. What happens if an LED is connected to AC power?

    An LED without a rectifier will flicker or not work properly on AC power. A rectifier or resistor is needed for AC operation.

    4. How do I fix a reversed LED?

    Simply swap the connections. If the LED hasn’t been damaged, it should work fine.

    5. Why do some LEDs have built-in resistors?

    Built-in resistors simplify wiring by ensuring safe current levels. These LEDs can be directly connected to power sources without extra components.

    Tags: , , , , , ,
    Posted in best pcb, bestpcb, FAQ, Metal Core PCB, PCBA | No Comments »

    Can I design microvias in multilayer MCPCB?

    October 12th, 2024

    What is a Microvias?

    A microvia is a small hole drilled into a PCB that connects different layers. They are essential for high-density interconnections and are commonly used in advanced electronic designs. Typically, microvias equal to or less than 150 microns drilled on the PCB board with a laser. In 2013, the IPC standard changed the definition of microvias to those with an aspect ratio of 1:1. Ratio of aperture to depth (not exceeding 0.25mm). Previously, micropores were less than or equal to 0.15 mm in diameter, so they typically spanned only one layer.

    Can I design microvias in multilayer MCPCB?

    Because the diameter is very small compared to mechanically drilled through holes (PTH), we define them as microvias, usually connecting only one layer of the board to its adjacent layers. These through holes reduce the possibility of any type of manufacturing defect because they are laser drilled, thus reducing the possibility of any residue remaining after the process. Because of their small size and ability to connect one layer to the next, they can make dense printed circuit boards with more complex designs.

    Types of Microvias

    There are two types of microvias in the PCB design – stacked microvias and staggered microvias.

    • Stacked Microvias

    Stacked microvias are formed by stacking multiple layers on top of each other to provide a path through which current flows. Create a hole in one layer and drill into another layer below. The top layer is welded or welded to the bottom layer to form an interconnect between the two layers. This allows for fast, efficient routing without compromising performance or reliability.

    Can I design microvias in multilayer MCPCB?
    • Staggered Microvias

    The interlaced microvias is aligned with the pad of the same layer, but is offset from its center by half of the pad diameter. The distance from its center to the edge of the board is also half the diameter of the pad. Staggered microvias allow you to place two through holes in a single pad without overlapping them or having to route wires on different layers together in this location. This type of microvias can be used for electrical connections to the surrounding brass pads and traces.

    Can I design microvias in multilayer MCPCB?

    What is the Difference Between Vias and Microvias?

    Vias and microvias serve similar purposes in connecting different layers of a PCB, but they differ significantly in size and application.

    1. Size

    One of the most significant differences between vias and microvias is their size. Standard vias typically have a diameter greater than 150 micrometers (μm), while microvias are defined as having a diameter of 150 μm or less.

    2. Design Complexity

    As technology advances, the demand for higher circuit densities and more complex designs has grown. Microvias enable designers to create intricate multilayer circuits that were not possible with standard vias.

    3. Layer Connection

    Standard vias can connect any number of layers in a PCB, typically running from the outer layer through to the inner layers. In contrast, microvias are usually used for connecting one or two layers. Microvias are commonly employed in multilayer PCBs, where they can connect the outer layer to one or more inner layers without passing through the entire board.

    4. Aspect Ratio

    The aspect ratio, which is the ratio of the depth of a via to its diameter, is another important difference. Standard vias generally have lower aspect ratios, making them easier to fabricate. Microvias, due to their smaller size, often have higher aspect ratios. A typical aspect ratio for microvias ranges from 1:1 to 2:1.

    5. Applications

    Standard vias are commonly used in traditional PCB designs for applications where space is not as critical. They are suitable for general-purpose circuits, power distribution, and less complex layouts. In contrast, microvias are essential in high-density applications, such as smartphones, tablets, and advanced computing devices, where compact designs are necessary.

    Microvias vs. Blind Via

    Blind vias connect the outer layer of the PCB to one or more inner layers without penetrating the entire board. As the name suggests, these through-holes are “blind holes” because they are not visible from the other side of the PCB. Blind holes have several advantages, such as saving space on the board, enabling a more compact design, and improving signal integrity by reducing the length of the signal path.

    The blind via passes through the surface layer of the PCB, extending through only a portion of the board to connect the surface layer to one or more inner layers. They are a key component in current PCB designs, allowing surface components to connect to inner layers while minimizing the number of layers required for wiring. The advantages of using blind vias including:

    • Increased density
    • Reduce the number of layers
    • Improved signal performance
    • Good for heat dissipation
    • Improve mechanical strength

    Can Microvias be Designed in Multilayer MCPCB?

    Yes, microvias can indeed be designed in multilayer MCPCBs. In fact, their small size and efficient design make them ideal for these types of boards. Multilayer MCPCBs often require compact interconnections to accommodate various functionalities, and microvias facilitate this need. By enabling multiple layers to connect efficiently, microvias enhance the overall performance of the MCPCB. Additionally, they contribute to improved thermal management, a critical factor in high-power applications. Their integration in multilayer designs is a significant advantage for modern electronics.

    The process for using microvias in multilayer metal-based circuit boards includes the following key steps:

    1. Inner laser drilling and plating: This is the first step in the production of microvias, precisely drilled by laser technology, and electroplated.

    2. Resin filled: The micro-vias after electroplating are filled with resin to enhance the stability of the structure.

    3. Resin grinding: Grind the orifice after the jack hole to ensure a smooth surface.

    4. Electroplating: Metallize the surface of the orifice resin to achieve electrical interconnection between layers.

    5. Inner circuit etching and outer layer lamination: To complete the production of the inner circuit, and the outer layer of laser drilling and graphic plating, and finally realize the production of multi-layer circuit board.

    MCPCB Material in EBest Circuit (Best Technology)

    Can I design microvias in multilayer MCPCB?

    MCPCB Prototype Lead Time (Vary Depends on the MCPCB Design)

    Can I design microvias in multilayer MCPCB?

    Tags: ,
    Posted in best pcb, bestpcb, FAQ, mcpcb, Metal Core PCB | No Comments »

    2 Layer Aluminum PCB | Metal Core PCB Manufacturer

    October 9th, 2024

    What is a 2 Layer Aluminum PCB?

    A 2-layer aluminum PCB is a type of metal core circuit board that contains two conductive layers, usually copper, with an aluminum core or base material. Aluminum PCBs are used for their excellent heat dissipation properties, and always used in high-power applications like LED lighting, power supplies, and automotive systems. The aluminum base offers better thermal management than standard FR4 PCBs. In a 2-layer aluminum PCB, the two conductive copper layers allow more complex routing for electrical signals compared to single-layer boards.

    2 Layer Aluminum PCB | Metal Core PCB Manufacturer

    2 Layer Aluminum PCB Stack-Up

    The stack-up of a 2-layer aluminum PCB consists of the following:

    • Top Copper Layer: This is where the signal traces and components are located. It can vary in thickness, depending on current-carrying requirements.
    • Dielectric Layer: A layer of insulation that separates the top copper layer from the aluminum core. It plays a key role in electrical isolation and heat transfer.
    • Aluminum Base: This core provides structural support and excellent heat dissipation properties. It also serves as the grounding plane in some designs.
    • Bottom Copper Layer: The second conductive layer allows for more advanced routing.
    2 Layer Aluminum PCB | Metal Core PCB Manufacturer

    How Thick is a 2 Layer PCB Layer?

    The thickness of a 2-layer aluminum PCB can vary depending on the specific design requirements, but typically, the copper layer is about 1 to 2 ounces (35 to 70 microns) thick. The aluminum base itself is thicker, usually between 1.0 mm and 3.0 mm, depending on the board’s required rigidity and heat dissipation needs. The overall board thickness generally ranges between 1.2 mm and 3.2 mm.

    A thicker aluminum core improves heat transfer, but the board’s thickness must also align with the product’s mechanical and electrical requirements. Designers often have to balance between sufficient thermal performance and the overall board size for practical applications.

    Is Thicker Aluminum PCB have Better Heat Dissipation?

    Generally speaking, the thinner the thickness of the aluminum PCB, the faster the heat conduction speed. The thicker the thickness of the aluminum PCB, the slower the heat conduction rate. The thermal conductivity of aluminum-based circuit board mainly depends on its material and structure. Although thickness affects the path length of heat conduction, the more critical factors are the thermal conductivity and structural design of the material. For example, high thermal conductivity materials such as copper, silver and other high thermal conductivity materials will significantly improve the thermal conductivity of aluminum substrate. In addition, the thickness and thermal conductivity of the insulation layer will also affect the overall thermal conductivity effect ‌.

    Specifically, the thermal conductivity of the aluminum-based circuit board is also related to the thickness of its insulation layer. The thicker the insulation layer, although it can withstand higher voltage, it will also reduce the heat transfer efficiency. Therefore, choosing the appropriate insulation layer thickness and materials with high thermal conductivity is the key to ensuring efficient thermal conductivity of aluminum-based circuit boards ‌.

    2 Layers Aluminum PCB vs. Double Sided Aluminum PCB

    Though the terms “2 layers aluminum PCB” and “double-sided aluminum PCB” might sound similar, there are slight differences.

    A 2-layer aluminum PCB contains two conductive copper layers. These layers can be arranged to handle signal routing and ground planes separately. In contrast, a double-sided aluminum PCB typically has one copper layer on either side of the aluminum core, offering less flexibility in routing. Here is the stack up of double sided aluminum PCB:

    2 Layer Aluminum PCB | Metal Core PCB Manufacturer

    How Much Does Aluminum PCB Cost?

    The cost of an aluminum PCB, including a 2-layer version, depends on several factors such as the board’s thickness, copper weight, design complexity, and production volume. On average, 2-layer aluminum PCBs cost more than single-sided aluminum PCBs because of the additional copper layer and routing complexity.

    For small orders, prices might range between $5 and $15 per square foot. For larger production runs, costs can decrease significantly due to economies of scale. Factors like the thickness of the aluminum base and copper layer, as well as additional features like surface finishes, can also influence the price.

    While aluminum PCBs are more expensive than standard FR4 boards, their enhanced thermal performance can reduce overall system costs by improving reliability and reducing the need for additional cooling measures.

    How Many Layers Should a PCB Have?

    The number of layers a PCB should have depends on the complexity of the design. For simple applications like LED lighting or power conversion, a 2-layer aluminum PCB is often sufficient. It provides more routing flexibility than a single-layer board while still offering effective heat dissipation.

    For more complex designs requiring high-density interconnections or additional functionality, a multi-layer PCB with three or more layers might be necessary. However, multi-layer aluminum PCBs are rare because their primary function is thermal management, which is typically solved within one or two layers. The decision to use more layers depends on the specific application, power requirements, and signal integrity needed in the design.

    Aluminum PCB Design Guidelines

    When designing a 2-layer aluminum PCB, several factors must be considered to maximize performance:

    • Thermal Management: Since aluminum PCBs are chosen for their thermal properties, optimizing heat dissipation is critical. Components that generate significant heat should be placed near the aluminum core, allowing for faster heat transfer.
    • Copper Thickness: The copper thickness should match the current-carrying requirements of the design. Using thicker copper can help manage higher current loads, but it also increases the cost and weight of the PCB.
    • Dielectric Layer: The thickness and material of the dielectric layer play a crucial role in both thermal and electrical performance. A thinner dielectric layer improves heat dissipation but may limit electrical isolation. Choosing the right dielectric material is key for balancing performance and reliability.
    • Via Placement: For a 2-layer design, vias must be carefully placed to connect the two copper layers. Vias should be positioned to minimize electrical interference and maintain signal integrity.
    • Component Placement: Heat-sensitive components should be placed away from high-power components. This minimizes thermal stress on sensitive devices and ensures reliable operation over the PCB’s lifespan.

    Aluminum PCBs may come with a higher price tag compared to traditional FR4 boards, but the long-term benefits in heat management, performance, and durability make them an excellent investment for demanding applications. Whether you’re working on power electronics, automotive circuits, or lighting solutions, a 2-layer aluminum PCB can provide the right balance between complexity and thermal efficiency.

    If you’re in need of high-quality, custom aluminum PCBs, EBest Circuit (Best Technology) specializes in delivering tailored solutions for your specific design needs. With 18+ years of experience in PCB manufacturing, we ensure top-notch performance, quality, and reliability for all your projects. Let us help you bring your ideas to life with the right aluminum PCB solution!

    Tags: ,
    Posted in best pcb, bestpcb, Design Guide, FAQ, mcpcb, Metal Core PCB | No Comments »

    Aluminum PCB Circuit Board | Aluminum PCB Design & Prototype

    October 8th, 2024

    What is Aluminum PCB Circuit Board?

    An aluminum PCB, also known as an aluminum circuit board, is a type of metal core printed circuit board that uses aluminum as its base material. Unlike traditional PCBs, which are typically made with fiberglass, aluminum PCBs offer superior heat dissipation. This makes them ideal for high-power applications where excess heat can damage sensitive components. Aluminum PCBs are widely used in industries such as LED lighting, automotive, and power equipment because they provide better thermal management.

    Aluminum PCBs are made from a combination of the following materials:

    • Aluminum Substrate: The base layer, responsible for mechanical support and heat dissipation.
    • Dielectric Layer: This layer provides insulation between the conductive layer and the aluminum base, while also helping with thermal transfer.
    • Conductive Layer: Made of copper, this layer is etched to form the circuit pattern and provides electrical connectivity.
    • Solder Mask Layer: This is a protective layer to protect the traces.
    Aluminum PCB Circuit Board | Aluminum PCB Design & Prototype

    Types of Aluminum PCB

    Aluminum circuit board is a kind of metal base copper clad plate with good heat dissipation function, the main types include single-sided aluminum PCB, double-sided aluminum PCB and multi-layer aluminum PCB. ‌

    Single sided aluminum PCB

    The single-sided aluminum substrate is composed of a conductive graphic layer and an insulating material plus aluminum plate, which is relatively simple in structure and suitable for the installation and connection of some basic electronic components.

    Double sided aluminum PCB

    The double-sided circuit aluminum substrate has two layers of conductive graphics layer and the insulating material plus aluminum plate superimposed together, providing a larger circuit layout space and better heat dissipation effect, which is often used in electronic devices requiring higher integration and better heat dissipation performance.

    Multilayer aluminum PCB

    Multi-layer printed aluminum-based circuit board consists of three or more layers of conductive graphic layer and insulating material and aluminum plate alternately laminated together, with complex circuit design and excellent heat dissipation performance, suitable for high-end applications such as LED lighting, automotive electronics ‌.

    In addition, there are other special types of aluminum-based circuit boards, such as flexible aluminum substrates, mixed aluminum substrates, etc. Flexible aluminum substrate has excellent electrical insulation, flexibility and thermal conductivity, and is suitable for product design in various shapes and angles. The hybrid aluminum substrate is a multilayer component made of conventional FR-4 bonded to an aluminum substrate with a thermoelectric medium, designed to improve heat dissipation and rigidity, and used as a shield ‌.

    Aluminum PCB Features

    The aluminum substrate, a metal-based cooling plate (including aluminum, copper, and iron substrates), is made from a low-alloyed Al-Mg-Si series high-plastic alloy plate. This material offers excellent thermal conductivity, electrical insulation, and mechanical processing capabilities. When compared to traditional FR-4 materials, aluminum substrates of the same thickness and line width can carry higher currents. Additionally, they can withstand voltages up to 4500V and have a thermal conductivity greater than 2.0, making aluminum substrates the preferred choice in the industry.

    ● Surface mount technology (SMT);

    ● Very effective treatment of thermal diffusion in circuit design;

    ● Reduce product operating temperature, improve product power density and reliability, extend product service life;

    ● Reduce product volume, reduce hardware and assembly costs;

    ● Replace fragile ceramic substrate for better mechanical durability.

    Aluminum PCB vs. Copper PCB

    Both aluminum and copper PCBs have their own advantages, but they cater to different applications:

    1. Thermal Conductivity

      In general, the higher the thermal conductivity, the more efficient the heat transfer, resulting in better heat dissipation and a longer lifespan. Among metal substrates, copper substrates offer the best thermal conductivity, outperforming aluminum substrates.

      2. Electrical Conductivity

      Both aluminum and copper are metals and conduct electricity, though their exact levels of conductivity differ. In terms of electrical conductivity, copper is significantly superior to aluminum. In applications that require high electrical conductivity, copper is the ideal choice.

      3. Resistance

      Resistance is crucial in PCB design as it affects the overall functionality and stability of the components. Given that copper has a higher density than aluminum, its resistance is generally lower. Therefore, in applications requiring thinner circuits and faster power transmission, copper is the better option.

      4. Weight

      Due to copper’s higher density per unit area, copper PCBs are much heavier than aluminum PCBs with the same design.

      In applications where lightweight structures are critical, aluminum is the preferred material. On the other hand, applications where weight is not a major concern often favor the use of copper.

      5. Applications

      Aluminum substrates are somewhat specialized. They are mainly used in energy-saving lighting products such as indoor lighting, energy-efficient lighting, and street lights. Copper substrates are suitable for high-power lighting equipment like car headlights, tail lights, and some high-tech electronics.

      6. Manufacturing Process

      The manufacturing process for aluminum-based PCBs is simpler than that for copper-based PCBs, which also impacts their production time and delivery schedules. Below is aluminum PCB and copper core PCB that made by EBest Circuit (Best Technology):

      Aluminum PCB Circuit Board | Aluminum PCB Design & Prototype

      Aluminum PCB Manufacturing Process

      The manufacturing process for aluminum PCBs involves several steps to ensure high quality and performance. Here is a basic manufacturing process of aluminum PCB:

      1. Substrate Selection and Preprocessing

        Aluminum alloys with high thermal conductivity, such as the 5052 and 6061 series, are selected as the base material. The aluminum sheet is first cut and cleaned to remove surface grease and impurities, ensuring proper adhesion for subsequent processes.

        2. Chemical Etching of Patterns

        Photosensitive ink is used to form the desired circuit patterns on the aluminum surface. After exposure and development, the ink-covered areas protect the underlying aluminum from being etched by chemicals, while the unprotected areas are etched away, forming the circuit pattern.

        3. Insulation Layer Deposition

        To achieve electrical isolation, an insulating material, usually thermosetting resin or ceramic-filled epoxy resin, is deposited on the aluminum substrate. This step is typically completed using screen printing or inkjet printing technology to ensure a uniform and appropriately thick insulation layer.

        4. Metallization

        Creating conductive paths on the insulation layer is a key step. Copper foil is deposited onto the insulation layer using methods such as electroplating, sputtering, or chemical copper deposition. This copper foil serves as the conductive layer for connecting LED chips and other components.

        5. Drilling and Metallization

        Holes are drilled in the board according to the design to achieve electrical connections between different layers. The hole walls are then metallized to ensure good conductivity inside the holes.

        6. Surface Treatment

        To improve solderability and corrosion resistance, the aluminum substrate undergoes additional surface treatments, such as tin spraying, gold plating, or silver plating.

        7. Assembly and Testing

        LED chips, resistors, capacitors, and other components are soldered onto the circuit board to complete the assembly. Here you can see the whole manufacturing process of aluminum metal core PCB.

        What Affects Aluminum PCB Circuit Board Price?

        First of all, ‌ raw material cost ‌ is one of the important factors affecting the price of aluminum based circuit board. The raw materials of aluminum substrate include aluminum substrate and other auxiliary materials, such as insulating layer materials. The price fluctuation of aluminum substrate will directly affect the production cost of aluminum substrate, and then affect its market price. In addition, the cost of electricity is also a part of the production process cannot be ignored, the fluctuation of electricity price will further affect the production cost ‌.

        Secondly, ‌ market supply and demand ‌ is also a key factor in determining the price of aluminum-based circuit boards. If demand increases and supply is insufficient, prices will naturally go up. On the other hand, if there is an oversupply, the price will fall. Changes in demand in the construction, automotive and other industries, as well as changes on the supply side such as the construction of new plants or the closure of old plants, will have a direct impact on the price of aluminum-based circuit boards ‌.

        ‌The macroeconomic environment ‌ also has an important impact on the price of aluminum-based circuit boards. When economic growth is expected to be good, the demand for aluminum substrate in related industries increases, driving up prices; The expectation of economic recession will lead to a decline in demand and pressure on aluminum substrate prices ‌.

        ‌Policies and regulations ‌ is also one of the factors affecting the price of aluminum-based circuit boards. The government’s environmental protection policies, trade policies and industry subsidies will have an impact on the aluminum substrate market. For example, environmental policies that limit production may reduce supply and push up prices; The establishment of trade barriers may affect the import and export of aluminum substrate, and then affect the domestic market price.

        Aluminum PCB Production Capability – EBest Circuit (Best Technology)

        EBest Circuit (Best Technology) is known for its strong production capability when it comes to aluminum PCBs. Our manufacturing facilities are equipped with the latest technology to produce high-quality aluminum PCBs that meet industry standards. We have the ability to produce single-sided, double-sided, and multi-layer aluminum PCBs, below you can see our capability of aluminum PCBs:

        Aluminum PCB Circuit Board | Aluminum PCB Design & Prototype

        Applications of Aluminum PCB

        Aluminum PCBs are used in a variety of applications, particularly where heat management is crucial:

        • LED Lighting
        • Automotive Electronics
        • Power Supplies
        • Consumer Electronics
        • Medical
        • Household appliance
        Aluminum PCB Circuit Board | Aluminum PCB Design & Prototype

        FAQs about Aluminum PCB Circuit Board

        1. What is the main advantage of aluminum PCBs?

          Aluminum PCBs excel in thermal management, making them perfect for heat-sensitive applications.

          2. Are aluminum PCBs expensive?

          No, aluminum PCBs are generally affordable, making them a cost-effective option for many industries.

          3. Can aluminum PCBs be used in consumer electronics?

          Yes, aluminum PCBs are commonly used in consumer electronics, especially in devices that generate significant heat.

          4. What industries commonly use aluminum PCBs?

          Industries such as automotive, LED lighting, and power supplies frequently use aluminum PCBs due to their thermal properties.

          5. Is aluminum PCB better than copper PCB?

          It depends on the application. Aluminum is better for heat dissipation, while copper excels in electrical conductivity.

          Tags: ,
          Posted in best pcb, bestpcb, FAQ, mcpcb, Metal Core PCB | No Comments »

          Board electronics with holes

          October 4th, 2024

          Board electronics with holes The types of vias in PCB include through holes, blind holes and buried holes, which have different characteristics and requirements in design and manufacturing. The selection of the appropriate via type should consider the number of PCB layers, wiring density, signal frequency, cost budget and production process. The via design should pay attention to avoid affecting the welding quality, preventing electrical short circuits, and saving costs in high-density packaging.

          Board electronics with holes
          Board electronics with holes

          What are the holes in a PCB called?

          What are the holes on PCB called? What are the holes in the circuit? The holes on PCB can be roughly divided into 3 types, screw holes (mounting holes), conductive holes (vias), and plug-in holes.

          Screw holes: Screw holes are used for fixing.

          Conductive holes: Conductive holes (also called vias) are used for conducting electricity just like circuits.

          Plug-in holes: Plug-in holes are of course used to plug in various parts, such as diodes, transistors, capacitors, inductors, etc.

          What is a through hole

          What is a through hole? Through holes, also known as perforations, are holes in a PCB that go all the way through the board. Their main purpose is to provide electrical connections for component pins while allowing soldering on both sides of the board.

          1.A via is a special through hole whose wall is metallized to achieve electrical connection between different layers on a circuit board. This type of hole is usually used to connect component pins to internal circuits, or to achieve electrical connection between different layers in a multi-layer PCB. Vias need to be metallized during the PCB manufacturing process, which usually includes drilling, desmearing, chemical copper plating, and electroplating.

          What is a through hole

          2.Non-conducting holes are the opposite of through holes. Their hole walls are not metallized, so they do not have electrical connection functions. These holes are mainly used for mechanical fixation, heat dissipation or identification purposes. Non-conducting holes are relatively simple in the PCB manufacturing process, and only drilling operations are required.

          What is a through hole

          What is a blind via?

          A blind via is a hole that extends from one side of a PCB to a certain internal layer without penetrating the entire board. The emergence of blind vias is mainly due to the development of HDI technology, which provides circuit designers with greater flexibility and more compact layout. Blind vias are usually used to connect surface mount components (SMD) to internal circuit layers, or to connect circuits between different internal layers.

          What is a blind via?

          What are buried vias?

          Buried vias are holes located inside the PCB that do not penetrate any side of the board. They are completely hidden inside the board and are used to connect circuits between different internal layers. Buried vias are especially useful in HDI boards because they can reduce the overall thickness of the board while maintaining electrical connections between internal circuits.

          What is a microvia?

          Microvia refers to a hole with a smaller diameter, usually at the micron level. The emergence of microvia technology enables PCB designers to achieve more complex circuit layouts in a smaller space. Microvias are often used in high-density, high-reliability electronic devices such as mobile phones and tablets. The manufacture of microvias requires high-precision drilling equipment and technology to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the holes.

          What is a microvia?

          What are Mounting holes？

          What are Mounting holes?Locking holes are auxiliary holes used in the PCB manufacturing and assembly process to accurately locate and fix the circuit board. They are usually located at the edge or specific position of the PCB to ensure that the circuit board can be accurately aligned and fixed during manufacturing, testing and assembly. The locating holes do not participate in the connection of the circuit, but are essential to ensure the quality and performance of the circuit board.

          What are Mounting holes？

          What are Mounting holes？

          What are thermal vias?

          Thermal vias are holes designed specifically for heat dissipation, usually large and can run through the entire PCB or multiple layers. Their role is to reduce heat buildup on the circuit board by increasing surface area and air flow, thereby improving the stability and reliability of the device. Thermal vias are particularly important in high-performance, high-power electronic devices.

          What are thermal vias?

          FAQ About board electronics with holes

          How to solve the contradiction between manual routing and automatic routing of high-speed signals?

          Most of the current powerful routing software’s automatic routing tools have set constraints to control the routing method and the number of vias. The routing engine capabilities and constraint setting items of various EDA companies are sometimes very different. For example, whether there are enough constraints to control the winding method of the serpentine, whether the routing spacing of the differential pair can be controlled, etc. This will affect whether the routing method generated by automatic routing can meet the designer’s ideas. In addition, the difficulty of manually adjusting the routing is also related to the capabilities of the routing engine. For example, the pushing ability of the routing, the pushing ability of the via, and even the pushing ability of the routing pair copper. Therefore, choosing a routing tool with strong routing engine capabilities is the solution.

          Will adding test points affect the quality of high-speed signals?

          As for whether it will affect the signal quality, it depends on the method of adding test points and how fast the signal is. Basically, the additional test points (not using the existing vias (via or DIP pins) as test points) may be added to the line or a small section of wire may be pulled out from the line. The former is equivalent to adding a very small capacitor to the line, while the latter is an additional branch. Both of these situations will have some impact on high-speed signals, and the extent of the impact is related to the frequency speed of the signal and the edge rate of the signal. The magnitude of the impact can be learned through simulation. In principle, the smaller the test point, the better (of course, it must meet the requirements of the test equipment) and the shorter the branch, the better.

          Can you introduce some foreign technical books and data on high-speed PCB design?

          Now the application of high-speed digital circuits includes communication networks and calculators and other related fields. In the communication network, the operating frequency of PCB boards has reached around GHz, and the number of layers is as many as 40 layers as far as I know. Due to the advancement of chips, the operating frequency of calculator-related applications, whether it is a general PC or server, has reached 400MHz (such as Rambus) or above. In response to the demand for high-speed and high-density routing, the demand for blind/buried vias, mircrovias and build-up process technology is gradually increasing. These design requirements can be mass-produced by manufacturers.

          Does the design of rigid-flexible boards require special design software and specifications? Where can I undertake the processing of such circuit boards in China?

          Can I use general PCB design software to design flexible printed circuits (Flexible Printed Circuit). The Gerber format is also used for FPC manufacturers to produce. Since the manufacturing process is different from that of general PCBs, each manufacturer will have its own restrictions on line width, line spacing, and aperture (via) based on their manufacturing capabilities. In addition, some copper foil can be laid at the turning point of the flexible circuit board for reinforcement. As for the manufacturer, you can search for “FPC” as a keyword on the Internet and you should be able to find it.

          If the size of the circuit board is fixed, if the design needs to accommodate more functions, it is often necessary to increase the routing density of the PCB, but this may lead to increased mutual interference between the routings, and at the same time, the impedance cannot be reduced if the routing is too thin. Please introduce the techniques in the design of high-speed (>100MHz) high-density PCBs?

          When designing high-speed and high-density PCBs, crosstalk interference does need to be paid special attention to because it has a great impact on timing and signal integrity. Here are a few things to note:

          Control the continuity and matching of the characteristic impedance of the trace.

          The size of the trace spacing. The spacing commonly seen is twice the line width. Through simulation, you can know the impact of trace spacing on timing and signal integrity and find the tolerable spacing. The results of different chip signals may be different.

          Choose an appropriate termination method.

          Avoid the same routing direction of the upper and lower adjacent layers, or even have traces overlapped up and down, because this kind of crosstalk is greater than the case of adjacent traces on the same layer.

          Use blind/buried vias to increase the trace area. However, the production cost of the PCB board will increase. It is indeed difficult to achieve complete parallelism and equal length in actual implementation, but it should be done as much as possible.

          In addition, differential termination and common mode termination can be reserved to mitigate the impact on timing and signal integrity.

          The RF part, IF part, and even the low-frequency circuit part of the outdoor unit are often deployed on the same PCB. What are the material requirements for such PCB? How to prevent interference between RF, IF, and even low-frequency circuits?

          Hybrid circuit design is a big problem. It is difficult to have a perfect solution.

          Generally, RF circuits are laid out and wired as an independent single board in the system, and there will even be a special shielding cavity. Moreover, RF circuits are generally single-sided or double-sided boards, and the circuits are relatively simple. All of these are to reduce the impact on the distributed parameters of RF circuits and improve the consistency of RF systems. Compared with general FR4 materials, RF circuit boards tend to use high-Q substrates. The dielectric constant of this material is relatively small, the distributed capacitance of the transmission line is small, the impedance is high, and the signal transmission delay is small. In hybrid circuit design, although RF and digital circuits are made on the same PCB, they are generally divided into RF circuit area and digital circuit area, and laid out and wired separately. Shielding is used between ground vias and shielding boxes.

          Tags: , , ,
          Posted in best pcb, bestpcb, Ceramic PCB, Chinese Holiday, Customer Visiting, DBC substrate, FAQ, FR4 PCB, HDI PCB, mcpcb, Metal Core PCB, PCB News, PCB Technology, PCBA, Rigid Flex Circuit, SMT Technology, Special PCB, Uncategorized | No Comments »

          « Older Entries
          Newer Entries »