{"id":32070,"date":"2026-07-23T14:19:13","date_gmt":"2026-07-23T06:19:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.bestpcbs.com\/blog\/?p=32070"},"modified":"2026-07-23T14:19:22","modified_gmt":"2026-07-23T06:19:22","slug":"common-resistor-values-e12-e24-e96","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.bestpcbs.com\/blog\/2026\/07\/common-resistor-values-e12-e24-e96\/","title":{"rendered":"Common Resistor Values: E12, E24, and E96 Tables"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_84 ez-toc-wrap-left counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.bestpcbs.com\/blog\/2026\/07\/common-resistor-values-e12-e24-e96\/#What_Are_Common_Resistor_Values\" >What Are Common Resistor Values?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/www.bestpcbs.com\/blog\/2026\/07\/common-resistor-values-e12-e24-e96\/#Why_Do_Resistors_Use_Standard_Values\" >Why Do Resistors Use Standard Values?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/www.bestpcbs.com\/blog\/2026\/07\/common-resistor-values-e12-e24-e96\/#What_Do_E12_E24_and_E96_Resistor_Values_Mean\" >What Do E12, E24, and E96 Resistor Values Mean?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/www.bestpcbs.com\/blog\/2026\/07\/common-resistor-values-e12-e24-e96\/#Standard_Resistor_Values_Table\" >Standard Resistor Values Table<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/www.bestpcbs.com\/blog\/2026\/07\/common-resistor-values-e12-e24-e96\/#E12_Resistor_Values\" >E12 Resistor Values<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/www.bestpcbs.com\/blog\/2026\/07\/common-resistor-values-e12-e24-e96\/#E24_Resistor_Values\" >E24 Resistor Values<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/www.bestpcbs.com\/blog\/2026\/07\/common-resistor-values-e12-e24-e96\/#E96_Resistor_Values\" >E96 Resistor Values<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/www.bestpcbs.com\/blog\/2026\/07\/common-resistor-values-e12-e24-e96\/#How_to_Find_the_Nearest_Standard_Resistor_Value\" >How to Find the Nearest Standard Resistor Value<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/www.bestpcbs.com\/blog\/2026\/07\/common-resistor-values-e12-e24-e96\/#Common_Resistor_Values_for_LEDs\" >Common Resistor Values for LEDs<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/www.bestpcbs.com\/blog\/2026\/07\/common-resistor-values-e12-e24-e96\/#Common_Pull-Up_and_Pull-Down_Resistor_Values\" >Common Pull-Up and Pull-Down Resistor Values<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/www.bestpcbs.com\/blog\/2026\/07\/common-resistor-values-e12-e24-e96\/#Common_Resistor_Values_for_Arduino_and_General_Electronics\" >Common Resistor Values for Arduino and General Electronics<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/www.bestpcbs.com\/blog\/2026\/07\/common-resistor-values-e12-e24-e96\/#Are_SMD_Resistor_Values_Different_from_Through-Hole_Values\" >Are SMD Resistor Values Different from Through-Hole Values?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/www.bestpcbs.com\/blog\/2026\/07\/common-resistor-values-e12-e24-e96\/#How_to_Choose_Resistor_Tolerance_and_Power_Rating\" >How to Choose Resistor Tolerance and Power Rating<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/www.bestpcbs.com\/blog\/2026\/07\/common-resistor-values-e12-e24-e96\/#Downloadable_Standard_Resistor_Values_PDF\" >Downloadable Standard Resistor Values PDF<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-15\" href=\"https:\/\/www.bestpcbs.com\/blog\/2026\/07\/common-resistor-values-e12-e24-e96\/#FAQ\" >FAQ<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-16\" href=\"https:\/\/www.bestpcbs.com\/blog\/2026\/07\/common-resistor-values-e12-e24-e96\/#Conclusion\" >Conclusion<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<div class=\"yzp-no-index\"><\/div><p class=\"lead\">Resistors are available in thousands of values, but circuit designers repeatedly use a much smaller group. Values such as 100\u03a9, 220\u03a9, 1k\u03a9, 4.7k\u03a9, 10k\u03a9, and 100k\u03a9 appear frequently because they belong to standardized preferred-number series and suit many practical circuit functions.<\/p>\n<p>Understanding <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bestpcbs.com\/blog\/2026\/07\/common-resistor-values-e12-e24-e96\/\"><strong>common resistor values<\/strong><\/a> is useful for schematic design, prototyping, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bestpcbs.com\/smt\/component-sourcing\/\">component sourcing<\/a>, and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bestpcbs.com\/blog\/2026\/07\/pcba-manufacturing\/\">PCBA quotation<\/a>. It helps engineers replace calculated values with parts that are readily available without creating unacceptable electrical error.<\/p>\n<p>This guide explains the E12, E24, and E96 series, shows how standard values scale across ohms, kilohms, and megohms, and provides practical selection guidance for LEDs, pull-up circuits, Arduino projects, SMD assemblies, and production electronics.<\/p>\n<div style=\"width: 100%; max-width: 600px; margin: 26px auto 34px; text-align: center;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"blog-image\" style=\"width: 100%; max-width: 600px; max-height: 400px; height: auto; object-fit: contain;\" src=\"https:\/\/www.bestpcbs.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/common-resistor-values-color-code-ohms-chart-hero.webp\" alt=\"Common resistor values guide with through-hole and SMD resistors and E12, E24, and E96 tables\" width=\"1440\" height=\"810\" data-first-enter-image=\"true\" \/><\/div>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"What_Are_Common_Resistor_Values\"><\/span>What Are Common Resistor Values?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Common resistor values are standardized resistance values that manufacturers produce in large volumes. Frequently used examples include 10\u03a9, 22\u03a9, 47\u03a9, 100\u03a9, 220\u03a9, 330\u03a9, 470\u03a9, 1k\u03a9, 2.2k\u03a9, 4.7k\u03a9, 10k\u03a9, 47k\u03a9, 100k\u03a9, and 1M\u03a9.<\/p>\n<p>These values cover many recurring functions:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>LED current limiting<\/li>\n<li>Signal pull-up and pull-down<\/li>\n<li>Transistor biasing<\/li>\n<li>Operational-amplifier feedback<\/li>\n<li>Voltage division and RC timing<\/li>\n<li>Input protection and current sensing<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>A value is not automatically suitable just because it is common. The selected resistor must still meet the circuit\u2019s resistance accuracy, power dissipation, voltage rating, temperature coefficient, pulse tolerance, and package requirements.<\/p>\n<p>For example, 10k\u03a9 is widely used as a pull-up resistor because it provides low static current in many low-speed digital circuits. It may be too high for a fast communication bus with significant capacitance, where 2.2k\u03a9 or 4.7k\u03a9 could produce a faster rise time.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Why_Do_Resistors_Use_Standard_Values\"><\/span>Why Do Resistors Use Standard Values?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Manufacturers use preferred-number series to cover a resistance range without producing every possible integer value. The values in each series are approximately distributed on a logarithmic scale, keeping the percentage difference between neighboring values relatively consistent.<\/p>\n<p>Standardization gives designers predictable ranges, reduces distributor inventory, simplifies manufacturing and testing, and makes it easier for purchasing teams and PCBA factories to qualify equivalent parts.<\/p>\n<p>Suppose a calculation produces 4.86k\u03a9. A designer may choose 4.7k\u03a9 from the E12 or E24 series, or 4.87k\u03a9 from the E96 series. The correct choice depends on the acceptable circuit error, not simply which number is closest.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"What_Do_E12_E24_and_E96_Resistor_Values_Mean\"><\/span>What Do E12, E24, and E96 Resistor Values Mean?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>The number following the letter E indicates how many standard values are included within each decade. A decade is any resistance range with a 10:1 ratio, such as 10\u03a9 to 100\u03a9 or 1k\u03a9 to 10k\u03a9.<\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-table\">\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Series<\/th>\n<th>Values per Decade<\/th>\n<th>Common Tolerance<\/th>\n<th>Typical Use<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>E12<\/td>\n<td>12<\/td>\n<td>\u00b110%<\/td>\n<td>Basic circuits, repair, and educational projects<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>E24<\/td>\n<td>24<\/td>\n<td>\u00b15%<\/td>\n<td>Commercial electronics and general PCBA<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>E96<\/td>\n<td>96<\/td>\n<td>\u00b11%<\/td>\n<td>Precision analog, feedback, sensing, and control<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>E192<\/td>\n<td>192<\/td>\n<td>\u00b10.5% or tighter<\/td>\n<td>Instrumentation and precision measurement<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<p>A 1% resistor is often selected from the E96 series, but the two terms are not interchangeable. Tolerance describes manufacturing accuracy. The E series describes the spacing between nominal values.<\/p>\n<div style=\"width: 100%; max-width: 600px; margin: 26px auto 34px; text-align: center;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"blog-image\" style=\"width: 100%; max-width: 600px; max-height: 400px; height: auto; object-fit: contain;\" src=\"https:\/\/www.bestpcbs.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/common-resistor-values-e-series.webp\" alt=\"Comparison of E12, E24, and E96 resistor value series and common tolerances\" width=\"1440\" height=\"810\" \/><\/div>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Standard_Resistor_Values_Table\"><\/span>Standard Resistor Values Table<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>A standard resistor table normally lists the base values for one decade. The same numbers are then multiplied or divided by powers of 10.<\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-table\">\n<table class=\"numeric\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Base Value<\/th>\n<th>\u00d71<\/th>\n<th>\u00d710<\/th>\n<th>\u00d7100<\/th>\n<th>\u00d71,000<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>10<\/td>\n<td>10\u03a9<\/td>\n<td>100\u03a9<\/td>\n<td>1k\u03a9<\/td>\n<td>10k\u03a9<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>22<\/td>\n<td>22\u03a9<\/td>\n<td>220\u03a9<\/td>\n<td>2.2k\u03a9<\/td>\n<td>22k\u03a9<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>47<\/td>\n<td>47\u03a9<\/td>\n<td>470\u03a9<\/td>\n<td>4.7k\u03a9<\/td>\n<td>47k\u03a9<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>68<\/td>\n<td>68\u03a9<\/td>\n<td>680\u03a9<\/td>\n<td>6.8k\u03a9<\/td>\n<td>68k\u03a9<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>82<\/td>\n<td>82\u03a9<\/td>\n<td>820\u03a9<\/td>\n<td>8.2k\u03a9<\/td>\n<td>82k\u03a9<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<p>The same pattern continues into megohms. For example, the base number 47 can represent 4.7\u03a9, 47\u03a9, 470\u03a9, 4.7k\u03a9, 47k\u03a9, 470k\u03a9, or 4.7M\u03a9. This decade method is more useful than memorizing a separate list for every resistance range.<\/p>\n<div style=\"width: 100%; max-width: 600px; margin: 26px auto 34px; text-align: center;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"blog-image\" style=\"width: 100%; max-width: 600px; max-height: 400px; height: auto; object-fit: contain;\" src=\"https:\/\/www.bestpcbs.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/common-resistor-values-chart.webp\" alt=\"Standard resistor values chart showing decade scaling from ohms to kilohms\" width=\"1440\" height=\"810\" \/><\/div>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"E12_Resistor_Values\"><\/span>E12 Resistor Values<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>The E12 series contains 12 base values per decade:<\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-table\">\n<table class=\"numeric\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>10<\/td>\n<td>12<\/td>\n<td>15<\/td>\n<td>18<\/td>\n<td>22<\/td>\n<td>27<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>33<\/td>\n<td>39<\/td>\n<td>47<\/td>\n<td>56<\/td>\n<td>68<\/td>\n<td>82<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<p>Common E12 values between 100\u03a9 and 1k\u03a9 are 100\u03a9, 120\u03a9, 150\u03a9, 180\u03a9, 220\u03a9, 270\u03a9, 330\u03a9, 390\u03a9, 470\u03a9, 560\u03a9, 680\u03a9, and 820\u03a9.<\/p>\n<p>E12 is suitable where modest resistance variation does not materially affect performance, including indicator LEDs, non-critical bias networks, basic switching circuits, and hobby electronics. It is less appropriate for precision voltage dividers, sensor conditioning, current measurement, or amplifier gain networks where resistor ratio accuracy directly affects output performance.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"E24_Resistor_Values\"><\/span>E24 Resistor Values<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>The E24 series provides 24 values per decade:<\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-table\">\n<table class=\"numeric\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>10<\/td>\n<td>11<\/td>\n<td>12<\/td>\n<td>13<\/td>\n<td>15<\/td>\n<td>16<\/td>\n<td>18<\/td>\n<td>20<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>22<\/td>\n<td>24<\/td>\n<td>27<\/td>\n<td>30<\/td>\n<td>33<\/td>\n<td>36<\/td>\n<td>39<\/td>\n<td>43<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>47<\/td>\n<td>51<\/td>\n<td>56<\/td>\n<td>62<\/td>\n<td>68<\/td>\n<td>75<\/td>\n<td>82<\/td>\n<td>91<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<p>E24 is one of the most commonly used series in general electronics. It offers enough selection for power supplies, transistor circuits, digital interfaces, LED products, consumer devices, and industrial control boards without creating excessive BOM variety.<\/p>\n<p>Values such as 110\u03a9, 200\u03a9, 240\u03a9, 360\u03a9, 510\u03a9, 750\u03a9, 1.3k\u03a9, 3.6k\u03a9, and 9.1k\u03a9 are available in E24 but not in E12. For cost-sensitive PCBA production, E24 values with \u00b15% tolerance are often sufficient unless a circuit function requires more precise control.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"E96_Resistor_Values\"><\/span>E96 Resistor Values<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>The E96 series contains 96 base values per decade and is commonly associated with \u00b11% resistors.<\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-table\">\n<table class=\"numeric\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>100<\/td>\n<td>102<\/td>\n<td>105<\/td>\n<td>107<\/td>\n<td>110<\/td>\n<td>113<\/td>\n<td>115<\/td>\n<td>118<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>121<\/td>\n<td>124<\/td>\n<td>127<\/td>\n<td>130<\/td>\n<td>133<\/td>\n<td>137<\/td>\n<td>140<\/td>\n<td>143<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>147<\/td>\n<td>150<\/td>\n<td>154<\/td>\n<td>158<\/td>\n<td>162<\/td>\n<td>165<\/td>\n<td>169<\/td>\n<td>174<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>178<\/td>\n<td>182<\/td>\n<td>187<\/td>\n<td>191<\/td>\n<td>196<\/td>\n<td>200<\/td>\n<td>205<\/td>\n<td>210<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>215<\/td>\n<td>221<\/td>\n<td>226<\/td>\n<td>232<\/td>\n<td>237<\/td>\n<td>243<\/td>\n<td>249<\/td>\n<td>255<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>261<\/td>\n<td>267<\/td>\n<td>274<\/td>\n<td>280<\/td>\n<td>287<\/td>\n<td>294<\/td>\n<td>301<\/td>\n<td>309<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>316<\/td>\n<td>324<\/td>\n<td>332<\/td>\n<td>340<\/td>\n<td>348<\/td>\n<td>357<\/td>\n<td>365<\/td>\n<td>374<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>383<\/td>\n<td>392<\/td>\n<td>402<\/td>\n<td>412<\/td>\n<td>422<\/td>\n<td>432<\/td>\n<td>442<\/td>\n<td>453<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>464<\/td>\n<td>475<\/td>\n<td>487<\/td>\n<td>499<\/td>\n<td>511<\/td>\n<td>523<\/td>\n<td>536<\/td>\n<td>549<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>562<\/td>\n<td>576<\/td>\n<td>590<\/td>\n<td>604<\/td>\n<td>619<\/td>\n<td>634<\/td>\n<td>649<\/td>\n<td>665<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>681<\/td>\n<td>698<\/td>\n<td>715<\/td>\n<td>732<\/td>\n<td>750<\/td>\n<td>768<\/td>\n<td>787<\/td>\n<td>806<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>825<\/td>\n<td>845<\/td>\n<td>866<\/td>\n<td>887<\/td>\n<td>909<\/td>\n<td>931<\/td>\n<td>953<\/td>\n<td>976<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<p>The table uses 3-digit base numbers, and the decimal position changes with the resistance range. For example, 487 may represent 48.7\u03a9, 487\u03a9, 4.87k\u03a9, or 48.7k\u03a9.<\/p>\n<p>E96 values are useful in precision voltage dividers, filter networks, amplifier feedback loops, ADC input circuits, current regulation, and sensor interfaces.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"How_to_Find_the_Nearest_Standard_Resistor_Value\"><\/span>How to Find the Nearest Standard Resistor Value<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>A common resistor values calculator performs four basic steps:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Calculate the theoretical resistance.<\/li>\n<li>Select the preferred E series.<\/li>\n<li>Identify the nearest lower and higher standard values.<\/li>\n<li>Recalculate the actual circuit result for both options.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Assume an LED calculation produces 193\u03a9. The nearest common options may be 180\u03a9 in E12 or E24, 200\u03a9 in E24, and 191\u03a9 or 196\u03a9 in E96.<\/p>\n<p>The nearest numerical value is not always the safest choice. For current limiting, selecting the next higher resistor generally reduces current. For a timing or feedback circuit, the lower or higher choice may shift frequency, gain, or threshold in different directions.<\/p>\n<div class=\"formula\">Error = (R<sub>selected<\/sub> \u2212 R<sub>calculated<\/sub>) \u00f7 R<sub>calculated<\/sub> \u00d7 100%<\/div>\n<p>After selecting a nominal value, include resistor tolerance and the tolerances of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bestpcbs.com\/blog\/2026\/07\/parts-of-a-pcb\/\">other components<\/a> in the worst-case calculation.<\/p>\n<div style=\"width: 100%; max-width: 600px; margin: 26px auto 34px; text-align: center;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"blog-image\" style=\"width: 100%; max-width: 600px; max-height: 400px; height: auto; object-fit: contain;\" src=\"https:\/\/www.bestpcbs.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/common-resistor-values-calculator.webp\" alt=\"Example of selecting the nearest standard resistor value for a calculated 193 ohm target\" width=\"1440\" height=\"810\" \/><\/div>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Common_Resistor_Values_for_LEDs\"><\/span>Common Resistor Values for LEDs<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>An LED resistor should be calculated from the supply voltage, LED forward voltage, and required current:<\/p>\n<div class=\"formula\">R = (V<sub>S<\/sub> \u2212 V<sub>F<\/sub>) \u00f7 I<\/div>\n<p>For a 5V supply, a red LED with a 2V forward voltage, and a target current of 10mA:<\/p>\n<div class=\"formula\">R = (5V \u2212 2V) \u00f7 0.01A = 300\u03a9<\/div>\n<p>A 300\u03a9 resistor exists in the E24 series. A designer could also use 330\u03a9 to reduce the current slightly:<\/p>\n<div class=\"formula\">I = (5V \u2212 2V) \u00f7 330\u03a9 = 9.1mA<\/div>\n<p>Common LED resistor values include 100\u03a9, 150\u03a9, 220\u03a9, 330\u03a9, 470\u03a9, 680\u03a9, and 1k\u03a9. They are common because they suit many low-voltage indicator circuits, not because they are universally correct.<\/p>\n<p>Also verify resistor power with <strong>P = I\u00b2R<\/strong>. At 9.1mA through 330\u03a9, power dissipation is about 27mW. A standard 0.1W or 0.125W SMD resistor provides comfortable margin under normal ambient conditions.<\/p>\n<div style=\"width: 100%; max-width: 600px; margin: 26px auto 34px; text-align: center;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"blog-image\" style=\"width: 100%; max-width: 600px; max-height: 400px; height: auto; object-fit: contain;\" src=\"https:\/\/www.bestpcbs.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/common-resistor-values-led.webp\" alt=\"LED resistor selection example using a 5 volt supply and a 330 ohm practical resistor value\" width=\"1440\" height=\"810\" \/><\/div>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Common_Pull-Up_and_Pull-Down_Resistor_Values\"><\/span>Common Pull-Up and Pull-Down Resistor Values<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Typical pull-up and pull-down values include 1k\u03a9, 2.2k\u03a9, 4.7k\u03a9, 10k\u03a9, 47k\u03a9, and 100k\u03a9.<\/p>\n<p>Lower resistance provides a stronger logic state and faster charging of parasitic capacitance, but it draws more current when the signal is pulled to the opposite level. Higher resistance reduces static current but becomes more sensitive to leakage, interference, and slow signal transitions.<\/p>\n<p>Selection should consider input leakage current, logic thresholds, supply voltage, trace and input capacitance, required rise time, switching frequency, noise environment, and open-drain current capability.<\/p>\n<p>For a slow push-button input, 10k\u03a9 is often practical. For an I\u00b2C bus, 2.2k\u03a9 to 4.7k\u03a9 may be more appropriate, but the correct value should be calculated from bus capacitance, operating voltage, rise-time requirements, and device sink-current limits.<\/p>\n<div style=\"width: 100%; max-width: 600px; margin: 26px auto 34px; text-align: center;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"blog-image\" style=\"width: 100%; max-width: 600px; max-height: 400px; height: auto; object-fit: contain;\" src=\"https:\/\/www.bestpcbs.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/common-resistor-values-smd.webp\" alt=\"Pull-up resistor examples and comparison of 0402, 0603, 0805, and 1206 SMD resistor packages\" width=\"1440\" height=\"810\" \/><\/div>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Common_Resistor_Values_for_Arduino_and_General_Electronics\"><\/span>Common Resistor Values for Arduino and General Electronics<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Arduino projects often use common resistor values because they are easy to source and cover standard interface functions.<\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-table\">\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Application<\/th>\n<th>Typical Starting Value<\/th>\n<th>Selection Note<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>LED current limiting<\/td>\n<td>220\u03a9\u20131k\u03a9<\/td>\n<td>Calculate from voltage and LED current<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Push-button pull-up\/down<\/td>\n<td>10k\u03a9<\/td>\n<td>Internal pull-up may remove the external part<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Transistor base resistor<\/td>\n<td>1k\u03a9\u201310k\u03a9<\/td>\n<td>Calculate from load current and transistor gain<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>MOSFET gate resistor<\/td>\n<td>22\u03a9\u2013220\u03a9<\/td>\n<td>Controls ringing and switching speed<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Analog voltage divider<\/td>\n<td>1k\u03a9\u2013100k\u03a9<\/td>\n<td>Check ADC input impedance and source resistance<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Sensor biasing<\/td>\n<td>4.7k\u03a9\u2013100k\u03a9<\/td>\n<td>Follow sensor datasheet requirements<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<p>These values are starting points, not fixed design rules. A 10k\u03a9\/10k\u03a9 divider, for example, halves the input voltage but may be unsuitable when the ADC requires a low source impedance or when the circuit must minimize standby current.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Are_SMD_Resistor_Values_Different_from_Through-Hole_Values\"><\/span>Are SMD Resistor Values Different from Through-Hole Values?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>SMD and through-hole resistors generally use the same E-series values. A 10k\u03a9 resistor can be supplied as an axial through-hole component or in 0402, 0603, 0805, 1206, and larger SMD packages.<\/p>\n<p>The package affects physical and electrical capability rather than the nominal value system.<\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-table\">\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Package<\/th>\n<th>Typical General-Purpose Power Rating<\/th>\n<th>Practical Consideration<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>0402<\/td>\n<td>Around 0.063W<\/td>\n<td>Compact but harder to assemble and rework<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>0603<\/td>\n<td>Around 0.1W<\/td>\n<td>Common for compact commercial PCBAs<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>0805<\/td>\n<td>Around 0.125W<\/td>\n<td>More thermal margin and easier inspection<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>1206<\/td>\n<td>Around 0.25W<\/td>\n<td>Suitable for higher dissipation and voltage<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<p>These ratings vary by resistor series and manufacturer. High-power, pulse-rated, high-voltage, and current-sense versions may differ substantially.<\/p>\n<p>Extreme resistance values may also be unavailable in very small packages. Low-ohmic shunt resistors need suitable terminal construction and current capacity, while high-megohm values require control of leakage and surface contamination.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"How_to_Choose_Resistor_Tolerance_and_Power_Rating\"><\/span>How to Choose Resistor Tolerance and Power Rating<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Tolerance should be selected according to the sensitivity of the circuit function. A \u00b15% resistor may be adequate for LED current limiting or a non-critical pull-up. A \u00b11% resistor is more suitable for amplifier gain, regulated feedback, and matched dividers. Precision measurement circuits may require \u00b10.1% tolerance and a low temperature coefficient.<\/p>\n<p>Power can be calculated using <strong>P = VI<\/strong>, <strong>P = I\u00b2R<\/strong>, or <strong>P = V\u00b2\/R<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>Do not operate a resistor continuously at its absolute power limit. Ambient temperature, copper area, enclosure temperature, airflow, nearby heat sources, and pulse conditions can reduce usable capacity.<\/p>\n<p>For a PCBA quotation, the BOM should specify:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Nominal resistance and tolerance<\/li>\n<li>Package and power rating<\/li>\n<li>Temperature coefficient when important<\/li>\n<li>Voltage or pulse requirement<\/li>\n<li>Preferred manufacturer or approved alternatives<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>EBest Circuit can review these details during BOM and DFM checking. Clear specifications reduce sourcing questions and prevent an apparently equivalent resistor from introducing a tolerance, voltage, or reliability issue.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Downloadable_Standard_Resistor_Values_PDF\"><\/span>Downloadable Standard Resistor Values PDF<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Download this printable reference for the E12, E24, and E96 preferred resistor values, decade scaling, selection formulas, and SMD package guidance.<\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/www.bestpcbs.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/standard-resistor-values.pdf\" download=\"\">Download the Standard Resistor Values PDF<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"FAQ\"><\/span>FAQ<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><strong>1. What are the most common resistor values?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Frequently used values include 100\u03a9, 220\u03a9, 330\u03a9, 470\u03a9, 1k\u03a9, 2.2k\u03a9, 4.7k\u03a9, 10k\u03a9, 47k\u03a9, 100k\u03a9, and 1M\u03a9. Their popularity comes from standard E-series spacing and broad usefulness in common circuit functions.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2. Why are 220-ohm resistors so common?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>A 220\u03a9 resistor is part of the E12, E24, and higher series. It is widely used for LED current limiting, transistor interfaces, signal damping, and protection in low-voltage circuits. Its suitability must still be confirmed by calculation.<\/p>\n<p><strong>3. Why is 4.7k\u03a9 a common resistor value?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>4.7k\u03a9 belongs to the E12 series and provides a practical balance between current consumption and signal strength. It is frequently used in pull-up circuits, transistor bias networks, feedback paths, and sensor interfaces.<\/p>\n<p><strong>4. What is the difference between E12, E24, and E96 resistor values?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>E12 contains 12 values per decade, E24 contains 24, and E96 contains 96. A larger series gives designers more values and allows closer matching to a calculated resistance.<\/p>\n<p><strong>5. Are 1% resistors always E96 values?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>No. E96 is commonly associated with 1% resistors, but tolerance and nominal-value series are separate specifications. Manufacturers may offer E24 values with 1% tolerance or E96 values in other tolerances.<\/p>\n<p><strong>6. Do 0402 and 0603 resistors have different standard values?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>They generally use the same E-series values. The difference is package size, which affects power, voltage, thermal performance, assembly difficulty, and available resistance range.<\/p>\n<p><strong>7. How do I choose the nearest standard resistor value?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Choose the required E series, identify the nearest higher and lower values, and calculate circuit performance with both. The best option is the one that keeps current, voltage, timing, or gain within the permitted range.<\/p>\n<p><strong>8. What resistor value should I use for an LED?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Calculate it using R = (V<sub>S<\/sub> \u2212 V<sub>F<\/sub>)\/I. Select the next suitable standard value and confirm resistor power. Values such as 220\u03a9, 330\u03a9, and 470\u03a9 are common, but they are not correct for every LED circuit.<\/p>\n<p><strong>9. Is 4.7k\u03a9 or 10k\u03a9 better for a pull-up resistor?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>4.7k\u03a9 provides a stronger pull-up and faster rise time, while 10k\u03a9 uses less current. The correct choice depends on leakage, capacitance, switching speed, supply voltage, and noise exposure.<\/p>\n<p><strong>10. Can I replace a resistor with the next higher standard value?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Sometimes. A higher value may reduce current, alter gain, change a timing constant, or shift a voltage-divider output. Recalculate the affected function and include tolerance before approving the substitution.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Conclusion\"><\/span>Conclusion<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Common resistor values follow standardized E-series rather than an arbitrary list. E12 and E24 cover most general-purpose circuits, while E96 provides finer selection for precision designs. The nearest numerical value is not always the best engineering choice; tolerance, power, voltage, temperature behavior, package size, and sourcing availability must also be checked.<\/p>\n<p>For PCB or PCBA quotation, provide the complete BOM with resistor values, tolerances, packages, power requirements, and approved alternatives. EBest Circuit can support component review, PCB fabrication, prototype assembly, and production PCBA. Send your project files to <a href=\"mailto:sales@bestpcbs.com\">sales@bestpcbs.com<\/a> for engineering review and quotation.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Explore common resistor values in ohms, compare E12, E24, and E96 charts, calculate LED and pull-up resistors, and choose tolerance and power ratings.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":623,"featured_media":32064,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[174],"tags":[7106,7113,7114,7115,7112],"class_list":["post-32070","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-bestpcb","tag-common-resistor-values","tag-e12-resistor-values","tag-e24-resistor-values","tag-e96-resistor-values","tag-standard-resistor-values-table"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bestpcbs.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/32070","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bestpcbs.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bestpcbs.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bestpcbs.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/623"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bestpcbs.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=32070"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/www.bestpcbs.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/32070\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":32085,"href":"https:\/\/www.bestpcbs.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/32070\/revisions\/32085"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bestpcbs.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/32064"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bestpcbs.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=32070"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bestpcbs.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=32070"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bestpcbs.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=32070"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}